Hipparchia genava, the lesser rock grayling, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.[1]
| Hipparchia genava | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Hipparchia |
| Species: | H. genava
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| Binomial name | |
| Hipparchia genava (Fruhstorfer, 1908)
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| Synonyms | |
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Taxonomy
editSome authors consider this species separate from Hipparchia alcyone, mainly on the basis of larval morphology, but doubts are still raised by other authors. Some DNA study should clarify the situation.[2]
Distribution
editThis species can be found only in Italy, in France (Alps, Massif Central, Jura) and in southwestern Switzerland. However the distribution is poorly known.[3][4][5]
Habitat
editThese butterflies live in open woodland with grass,[5] in dry grassland slopes, in nutrient-poor grasslands and in rocky areas.[3]
Description
editHipparchia genava has a wingspan of about 30 millimetres (1.2 in). The basic color of the upperside of the wings is dark brown, with a large whitish band and a white fringe. The underside of the hindwings shows a large white band with a large indent in the middle. Also the underside of the forewings has a white band, usually with an indent below an apical eyespot.[5]
This species is rather similar to Hipparchia fagi and Hipparchia alcyone. These three species can be separated on the basis of their different distribution or by an inspection of the genitalia of the male.[3][5] In particular, it is necessary to examine the Jullien's organs, a structure located at the end of the abdomen of the male, close to the genitalia, comprising a series of small black batons. Hipparchia genava have 7-12 black batons. Hipparchia fagi from 2 to 4, Hipparchia alcyone from 15 to 25.[6]
Biology
editAdults fly from June to August.[5][7] The caterpillars feed on grasses (Poaceae) (Festuca ovina, etc.). This species hibernates as a caterpillar. Larvae are mature in May and June.[3]
Bibliography
edit- LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Beccaloni G.W., Scoble M.J., Robinson G.S. & Pitkin B.
References
edit- ^ Catalogue of life
- ^ E. Balletto, L. A. Cassulo & S. Bonelli An annotated Checklist of the Italian Butterflies and Skippers (Papilionoidea, Hesperiioidea) Magnolia Press - Auckland, New Zealand (2014)
- ^ a b c d Lepidoptera and their ecology
- ^ Info Fauna
- ^ a b c d e Euro Butterflies by Matt Rowlings
- ^ Natura Mediterraneo
- ^ Papillons de Poitou-Charentes
External links
edit- Lepiforum.de
- Euroleps
- Paolo Mazzei, Daniel Morel, Raniero Panfili Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa
- Fleeting Wonders