Homonotus sanguinolentus, the bloody spider-hunting wasp[2] is a European species of Pompilid wasp.
| Homonotus sanguinolentus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Pompilidae |
| Genus: | Homonotus |
| Species: | H. sanguinolentus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Homonotus sanguinolentus (Fabricius, 1793)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Biology
editHomonotus sanguinolentus preys on one species of spider, Cheiracanthium erraticum, which lives on the damper patches of heathlands. From late June until August the female spider spins a purse-like web using vegetation such as heather inflorescences and grass flowering stems.[3] She remains this web until her eggs are laid and the young hatched. A hunting female H. sanguinolentus will force entry into the spider's purse-web and if it discovers a gravid female spider, the wasp quickly paralyses the spider by stinging it. H. sanguinolentus lays its own egg on the front of the spider's abdomen and the spider recovers from the paralysis but it never leaves the web again, nor does she lay eggs. After three days the egg of H. sanguinolentus hatches and the larva feeds on the spider, finally killing it after about ten days. The H. sanguinolentus larva then spins its cocoon within the spider's purse-web. The purse-web has to remain intact and above the ground until the following July when the new adult H. sanguinolentus emerge.[4]
Habitat
editHeathlands but with an open canopy of heathers with taller vegetation.
Distribution
editSouthern and central Europe, north to southern England, Germany and Poland.[5] In the north of its range this is a highly thermophilic species. In the United Kingdom it is a Biodiversity Action Plan species.
References
edit- ^ "Homonotus sanguinolentus (Fabricius, 1793)". Fauna Europaea. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
- ^ [1] [permanent dead link]
- ^ "a Spider-hunting wasp (Homonotus sanguinolentus)". Webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Hymettus Ltd - The UK Aculeate Conservation Group 2009 Homonotus sanguinolentus, a spider-hunting wasp of southern heathlands Aculeate Information Sheets No. 4
- ^ Szczepko K, Kruk A & Bartos M, 2012 The role of mosaicity of the post-agriculture area of the Kampinos NationalPark in determining the diversity of species of spider wasps (Hymenoptera:Pompilidae) Eur. J. Entomol. 109: 35–46
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