This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. (June 2018) |
piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) belongs to the small RNA class found in eukaryotic organisms, their major role is to regulate the expression of genes by the mRNA degradation or silencing.[1] After the association with argonaute protein family, these short RNA guide the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to their target by sequence complementarity.[2] piRNAs have approximately from 26 to 31 nucleotides [3] and are found in almost all metazoans.
This hsa-piR-1082,[4] found in samples from human germinative tissues, align to human genome only once. This alignment has overlap with a coding gene, in this case ABCA2. This gene that already is described being high expressed in nervous system and is associated to lipid transport and, more interesting, resistance to anti-tumor drugs.[5] Furthermore, a study found that the low expression on this genes can cause inhibition of prostate tumor metastasis on mouse.[6]
One recent research found the hsa-piR-1082 (NCBI code: piR-31106) in high expression on breast cell lines and tumoral biopsies.[7] Although there are indications of the relations between this specific piRNA and its putative gene target, more studies need to be done to provide reliable relation about these cellular components. However, it is a probably candidate to future researches.
References
edit- ^ Ghildiyal, M; Zamore, PD (February 2009). "Small silencing RNAs: an expanding universe". Nat. Rev. Genet. 10 (2): 94–108. doi:10.1038/nrg2504. PMC 2724769. PMID 19148191.
- ^ Siomi, MC; Sato, K; Pezic, D; Aravin, AA (2011). "PIWI-interacting small RNAs: the vanguard of genome defence". Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 12 (4): 246–58. doi:10.1038/nrm3089. PMID 21427766. S2CID 5710813.
- ^ Aravin, A; Gaidatzis, D; Pfeffer, S; Lagos-Quintana, M; Landgraf, P; Iovino, N; Morris, P; Brownstein, MJ; Kuramochi-Miyagawa, S; Nakano, T; Chien, M; Russo, JJ; Ju, J; Sheridan, R; Sander, C; Zavolan, M; Tuschl, T (2006). "A novel class of small RNAs bind to MILI protein in mouse testes". Nature. 442 (7099): 203–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..203A. doi:10.1038/nature04916. PMID 16751777. S2CID 4379895.
- ^ hsa-piR-1082 Information - piRNAdb Database.
- ^ Mack, JT; Brown, CB; Tew, KD (2008). "ABCA2 as a therapeutic target in cancer and nervous system disorders". Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets. 12 (4): 491–504. doi:10.1517/14728222.12.4.491. PMID 18348684. S2CID 85156333.
- ^ Mack, JT; Helke, KL; Normand, G; Green, C; Townsend, DM; Tew, KD (2011). "ABCA2 transporter deficiency reduces incidence of TRAMP prostate tumor metastasis and cellular chemotactic migration". Cancer Letters. 300 (2): 154–61. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2010.09.017. PMC 2994978. PMID 21041019.
- ^ Hashim, A; Rizzo, F; Marchese, G; Ravo, M; Tarallo, R; Nassa, G; Giurato, G; Santamaria, G; Cordella, A; Cantarella, C; Weisz, A (2014). "RNA sequencing identifies specific PIWI-interacting small non-coding RNA expression patterns in breast cancer". Oncotarget. 5 (20): 9901–10. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.2476. PMC 4259446. PMID 25313140.