Hydrazinium nitroformate

Hydrazinium nitroformate
Names
	Other names Hydrazine nitroform; HNF
Identifiers
CAS Number	14913-74-7; ? 20773-28-8 ?;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ECHA InfoCard	100.101.390
PubChem CID	129868016;
	InChI InChI=1S/CN3O6.H4N2/c5-2(6)1(3(7)8)4(9)10;1-2/h;1-2H2/q-1;/p+1 Key: DTXWOSBMROEDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-O;
	SMILES N[NH3+].[O-][N+](=O)[C-]([N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	CH5N5O6
Molar mass	183.080 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) is a salt of hydrazine and nitroform (trinitromethane).^[1]^[2] It has the molecular formula [H₂NNH₃]⁺[C(NO₂)₃]⁻^[3] and is soluble in most solvents.

Hydrazinium nitroformate is an energetic oxidizer. Research is being conducted at the European Space Agency to investigate its use in solid rocket propellants.^[4]^[5] It tends to produce propellants which burn very rapidly and with very high combustion efficiency. Its high energy leads to high specific impulse propellants. It is currently an expensive research chemical available only in limited quantities. A disadvantage of HNF is its limited thermal stability.

References

^ H. F. R. Schoyer, W. H. M. Welland-Veltman, J. Louwers, P. A. O. G. Korting, A. E. D. M. van der Heijden, H. L. J. Keizers, and R. P. van den Berg (2002). "Overview of the Development of Hydrazinium Nitroformate". Journal of Propulsion and Power. 18 (1): 131–137. doi:10.2514/2.5908.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ P. S. Dendage, D. B. Sarwade, S. N. Asthana & H. Singh (2001). "Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) and HNF based propellants: A review". Journal of Energetic Materials. 19 (1): 41–78. Bibcode:2001JEnM...19...41D. doi:10.1080/07370650108219392. S2CID 98538776.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Dickens, Brian (1967). "Crystal structure of hydrazine nitroform [N₂H₅⁺C(NO₂)₃⁻]". Chemical Communications (5): 246–247. doi:10.1039/c19670000246.
^ "Preparing for the Future". Vol. 6, no. 1. European Space Agency. March 1996. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
^ Tydon, Walter (31 July 1970). Minimum Cost Design Launch Vehicle Design/Costing Study TOR-0059(6526-01)2. Vol. 2, Background Studies. The Aerospace Corporation. pp. 4–13, 4–14.

[1] H. F. R. Schoyer, W. H. M. Welland-Veltman, J. Louwers, P. A. O. G. Korting, A. E. D. M. van der Heijden, H. L. J. Keizers, and R. P. van den Berg (2002). "Overview of the Development of Hydrazinium Nitroformate". Journal of Propulsion and Power. 18 (1): 131–137. doi:10.2514/2.5908.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] P. S. Dendage, D. B. Sarwade, S. N. Asthana & H. Singh (2001). "Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) and HNF based propellants: A review". Journal of Energetic Materials. 19 (1): 41–78. Bibcode:2001JEnM...19...41D. doi:10.1080/07370650108219392. S2CID 98538776.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Dickens, Brian (1967). "Crystal structure of hydrazine nitroform [N₂H₅⁺C(NO₂)₃⁻]". Chemical Communications (5): 246–247. doi:10.1039/c19670000246.

[4] "Preparing for the Future". Vol. 6, no. 1. European Space Agency. March 1996. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)

[5] Tydon, Walter (31 July 1970). Minimum Cost Design Launch Vehicle Design/Costing Study TOR-0059(6526-01)2. Vol. 2, Background Studies. The Aerospace Corporation. pp. 4–13, 4–14.

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