Mainstream Kenyah, also known as Usun Apau and Bakung, is a Kenyah dialect cluster of North Kalimantan, Indonesia, and Sarawak, Malaysia. Dialects fall into four clusters:
- Lepo’ Tau, Lepo’ Bem, Uma’ Jalan, Uma’ Tukung[2]
- Lepo’ Ke, Lepo’ Kuda
- Lepo’ Maut, Lepo’ Ndang, Badeng (Madang)[3]
- Bakung, Lepo’ Tepu’ (Lepo Teppu’).
| Kenyah | |
|---|---|
| Lepo’ | |
| Bakung | |
| Native to | Indonesia, Malaysia |
| Region | Borneo |
| Ethnicity | Kenyah |
Native speakers | 50,000 (2007–2013)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xkl |
| Glottolog | main1275 |
Phonology
editConsonants
edit| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t̪ | t͡ʃ | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | g | |||
| Fricative | s | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | ||||
- Sounds /p, t̪/ can also occur as geminated [pː, t̪ː] or as unreleased in word-final [p̚, t̪̚].
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ɛ | ə | ɔ |
| Open | a |
- /i/ can also occur as lax [ɪ].
- Sounds /a, u/ can also be heard as long [aː, uː].[4]
References
editExternal links
edit- Kaipuleohone's archive of Robert Blust's work includes notes on Kenyah language
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