Silacayoapan is one of the more extensive Mixtec languages. It is spoken by 150,000 people in Puebla and across the border in Guerrero, as well as by emigrants to the United States.
| Silacayoapan Mixtec | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Mexico |
| Region | Oaxaca, Guerrero |
Native speakers | (150,000 in Mexico cited 1990–2011)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:mks – Silacayoapanmxb – Tezoatlánvmc – Juxtlahuacamim – Alacatlatzala (Cahuatache)mxv – Metlatónoc (San Rafael)xta – Alcozaucajmx – Coicoyán (Western Juxtlahuaca)mxa – Portezuelo (Northwest Oaxaca) |
| Glottolog | cent2266 Central Baja Mixtecsout3179 Southern Baja Mixtecguer1245 Guerrero Mixtectezo1238 Tezoatlan Mixtec |
| ELP | Central Baja Mixtec |
| Guerrero Mixtec[2] | |
| Tezoatlan Mixtec[3] | |
| Southern Baja Mixtec (shared)[4] | |
Dialects
editEgland & Bartholomew[5] found six dialects (with > ≈80% internal intelligibility) which had about 70% mutual intelligibility with each other:
- Metlatónoc (Metlatónoc, San Rafael, Tlacoachistlahuaca, Cochoapa), Alcozauca (Alcozauca, Xochapa, Petlacalancingo)
- Portezuelo (Santos Reyes Yucuná, Guadalupe Portezuelo, San Simón Zahuatlán)
- Coicoyán (San Martín Peras Cuatzoquitengo, Río Frijol, Santa Cruz Yucucani, San José Yoxocaño, Malvabisco, Rancho Limón, Río Aguacate, Boca de Mamey)
- (varieties within ≈75% of Silacayoapan proper)
- Juxtlahuaca (San Sebastián Tecomaxtlahuaca, San Miguel Tlacotepec, Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Santa María Tindú, San Martín Duraznos)
- Alacatlatzala (Alacatlatzala, Cahuatache, Tenaztalcingo, Jilotepec, Zacatipa, Tototepec, Cuba Libre, San Isidro Labrador, Quiahuitlatlatzala, Xonacatlán, Tepecocatlán, Cuautipa, Ocuapa, Potoichan)
- Silacayoapan
- Silacayoapan proper (Santo Domingo Tonalá, San Jorge Nuchita)
- Tezoatlán (Yucuquimi de Ocampo, San Andrés Yutatío, Yucuñuti de Benito Juárez, San Juan Diquiyú, San Marcos de Garzón, San Martín del Río, Santa Catarina Yotandú, San Isidro de Zaragoza, San Valentín de Gomez)
- (other towns) Ixpantepec Nieves, Santiago Tamazola, Atenango, San Miguel Ahuehuetitlán
Ethnologue counts (Santa María) Yucunicoco Mixtec with Juxtlahuaca Mixtec. However, Egland & Bartholomew found it to have only 50% intelligible with Juxtlahuaca. Comprehension of Mixtepec is 85%, but in the other direction only 45%.
Phonology
editConsonants
edit| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k kʷ | ʔ |
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿdʒ | ᵑɡ | ||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ʃ | x | ||
| voiced | β | ð | ʒ | |||
| Approximant | l | j | ||||
| Rhotic | ɾ | |||||
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | ʉ | u ũ |
| Close-Mid | e ẽ | o õ | |
| Open | a ã |
Further reading
edit- Cortés, Félix and Mantenuto, Iara and Steffman, Jeremy (2023). "San Sebastián del Monte Mixtec". Illustrations of the IPA. Journal of the International Phonetic Association: 1–22. doi:10.1017/S0025100322000226
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link), with supplementary sound recordings.
References
edit- ^ Silacayoapan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Tezoatlán at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Juxtlahuaca at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Alacatlatzala (Cahuatache) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Metlatónoc (San Rafael) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Alcozauca at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
(Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box) - ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Guerrero Mixtec.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Tezoatlan Mixtec.
- ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Southern Baja Mixtec (shared).
- ^ Egland & Bartholomew (1983) La Inteligibilidad Interdialectal en México
- ^ North and Shields, 1977. pp. 21-39
- ^ Shields 1988.
Sources
edit- Shields, Jäna K. 1988. A syntactic sketch of Silacayoapan Mixtec. In C. Henry Bradley & Barbara E. Hollenbach (eds.) Studies in the syntax of Mixtecan languages, vol. 1. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics; [Arlington:] University of Texas at Arlington, pp. 305–449.
- Tezoatlán Mixtec (SIL-Mexico)
External links
edit- "Códice Colombino". World Digital Library (in Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec). 1100–1199.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)