Vermont has a long history with ice hockey in the United States. Despite the state's sparse population, its location in New England placed Vermont in the middle of ice hockey circles, particularly at the college level.

Ice hockey in Vermont
Flag of Vermont
CountryUnited States
Governing bodyUSA Hockey[1]
National team(s)Men's national team
Women's national team
First played1909
Club competitions
List

History

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The close proximity to Canada afforded Vermont with a very close view of ice hockey as far back as the 19th century. Several local clubs were arranged but nothing formal occurred until 1909. One of those amateur teams was put together by a group of students at Norwich University. After garnering some interest from the student body, the school gave its blessing to the program and the first sanctioned team in Vermont hit the ice the following year. Unfortunately, a lack of facilities left the Cadets scrambling to find available ice and eventually forced the program to be suspended in 1913.[2] After World War I, ice hockey returned to the state when Middlebury began its men's program. They were joined that season by Saint Michael's which, aside from cutting down on travel costs, provided each with a local rival. With an increasing number of rinks in the state, Norwich was able to secure a home venue and return in 1925. That same year, the state's flagship university, Vermont also hit the ice, giving the state a solid foundation with the sport. However, after the Great Depression the cost of business became too much. During the 1930s, Norwich, Vermont and Saint Michael's were each forced to suspend operations. Only Middlebury was able to carry on through the difficulties.[3]

Eventually the financial situation improved and Norwich returned to the ice by the end of the 30s. Just as the others were considering revivals of their own, World War II broke out and all programs were mothballed in the early 40s. Once the war had ended, Middlebury and Norwich restarted in short order with Saint Michael's making an abortive attempt in the 50s. The Catamounts, however, did not get back onto the ice until the 1960s. Despite the long wait, the team was very successful in its return, winning three league championships over a 5-year span. Vermont promoted its program to the top division in 1974 and has remained there ever since, albeit with less success.[4] In the meantime, Middlebury flited with a championship in the late 1970s, however, because the school was a member of NESCAC, they were forbidden from playing in national tournaments. Despite that barrier, ice hockey in Vermont was flourishing in the late 70s and eventually the granite state became a foursome once more when Saint Michael's was able to bring its team back in 1982.

In the mid-90s, the NESCAC changed its rules and finally allowed its member school to participate in national tournaments.[5] Within a year, Middlebury won its first championship and proceeded to win the next four as well. The Panthers became the first team in college hockey history to win five consecutive championships. Spurred on by their long-time rival, Norwich was able to win its first championship in 2000, ending Middlebury's run. In the first decade of the 21st century, five additional Division III national titles were won by Middlebury and Norwich, making the state the center of D-III ice hockey.

The success of the men's programs led to increased interest from other quarters. Middlebury was the first Division II or III college to found a women's team, playing its inaugural season in 1981. The other Vermont schools were slower on the uptake but by 2006 each of them was sporting a women's program as well. With so much college hockey going on in the state, eventually the sport spilled over into different branches. Vermont high schools had long sported varsity programs but the state did not receive its first formal junior team until 2000.[6] The Green Mountain Glades were members of the Eastern Junior Hockey League, a Tier III league, and survived for over a decade before relocating to Maine. Two years after their departure, a second low-level junior team arrived. The Vermont Lumberjacks continued to call the state home, as of 2023, and have been relatively successful on the ice.

In terms of professional hockey, Vermont has seen very little interest. With the state's most populous city being Burlington at just north of 44,000 residents (ranked 870th in the nation in 2020), Vermont just doesn't have enough people to support a pro team. To date, only one attempt was made and it proved to be rather disastrous; the Vermont Wild played during the fall of 2011. At the start the team performed about as well as could be expected for an expansion team but their attendance figures were woeful. Playing out of the 1,000-seat Green Mountain Arena, the Wild only could get about 1/4 of the venue filled.[7] The showing was so dismal that the team only played 10 of their scheduled 53 games before folding.[8]

Teams

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Professional

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Inactive

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Team City League Years Active Fate
Vermont Wild Morrisville FHL 2011 Defunct

Collegiate

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Active

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Team City Gender Division League Arena Founded
Norwich Cadets Northfield Men's NCAA Division III NEHC Kreitzberg Arena 1909
Women's NCAA Division III NEHC Kreitzberg Arena 2006
Middlebury Panthers Middlebury Men's NCAA Division III NESCAC Kenyon Arena 1922
Women's NCAA Division III NESCAC Kenyon Arena 1981
Saint Michael's Purple Knights Colchester Men's NCAA Division II NE10 C. Douglas Cairns Arena 1922
Women's NCAA Division I NEWHA C. Douglas Cairns Arena 2000
Vermont Catamounts Burlington Men's NCAA Division I Hockey East Gutterson Fieldhouse 1925
Women's NCAA Division I Hockey East Gutterson Fieldhouse 1998

Junior

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Active

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Team City League Arena Founded
Vermont Lumberjacks Burlington EHL Leddy Arena 2014

Inactive

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Team City League Years Active Fate
Green Mountain Glades Williston EJHL 2000–2012 Defunct

Timeline

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Vermont LumberjacksVermont WildNorwich CadetsGreen Mountain GladesSaint Michael's Purple KnightsVermont Catamounts men's ice hockeyMiddlebury Panthers men's ice hockeyVermont Catamounts men's ice hockeySaint Michael's Purple KnightsMiddlebury Panthers men's ice hockeyNorwich Cadets

  Active     Active (out of state)  

Players

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Notable players by city

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Barre
 
St. Albans
 
Stowe
 
Shelburne
 
Newport
 
Montpelier
 
Norwich
 
Burlington
location of cities

Vermont has a very high level of engagement with ice hockey. In 2022, 0.663% of the population was registered with USA Hockey, or about 1 in every 150 people.[9] That was good enough for 4th in the nation, ahead of traditional hotbeds like Massachusetts and Michigan. With the state's low overall population that only translates to approximately 4,000 people, however, that hasn't stopped several Vermont natives from making a name in the sport.

Barre

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Burlington

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Montpelier

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Newport

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Norwich

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Shelburne

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St. Albans

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Stowe

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† relocated from elsewhere.

References

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  1. ^ "USA Hockey encourages kids with NHL dreams to play other sports". ESPN The Magazine. June 26, 2013. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
  2. ^ "2011-12 Norwich Men's Hockey Media Guide". Norwich Cadets. Retrieved August 10, 2019.
  3. ^ "Middlebury College Men's Hockey Coaching History" (PDF). Middlebury Panthers. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
  4. ^ "UVM Men's hockey Record Book" (PDF). Vermont Catamounts. Retrieved November 29, 2019.[permanent dead link]
  5. ^ "Bowdoin College Men's Hockey History" (PDF). Bowdoin Polar Bears. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 29, 2018. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
  6. ^ "State HS Hockey Profiles". Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  7. ^ "Vermont Wild Yearly Attendance Graph". Hockey DB. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
  8. ^ "Vermont Wild ceases operation in the Federal Hockey League - Morrisville, Vermont - Our Hometown". www.ourhometown.ca.
  9. ^ "US States - Ranked by Population 2021". World Population Review. Retrieved November 13, 2022.