Ilê Axé Iyá Omin Iyamassê is a Candomblé terreiro in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. It is also known as the Terreiro do Gantois or the Sociedade São Jorge do Gantois. It is located on Alto do Gantois Avenue in the Federação neighborhood of Salvador. The terreiro is associated with the Ketu branch of the religion. It shares a history with the Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká (Terreiro da Casa Branca) and Ilê Axé Opô Afonjá. The terreiro occupies 3,600 square metres (39,000 sq ft) ranging from the ridge of a hill and a small valley.[1][2][3]
| Ilê Axé Iyá Omin Iyamassê | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Candomblé |
| Sect | Ketu |
| District | Federação |
| Location | |
| Municipality | Salvador |
| State | Bahia |
| Country | Brazil |
| Geographic coordinates | 12°59′44″S 38°30′28″W / 12.995660°S 38.507852°W |
| Architecture | |
| Founder | Mãe Menininha do Gantois |
| Designated | 2000 |
| Reference no. | 1471 |
Founding
editThe terreiro was founded by Mãe Menininha do Gantois (1894-1986). Succession rules limit the head position of the terreiro, the Ialorixá, to female individuals. Senior positions in the terreiro are further restricted to descendants of the founder.[3]
Terreiro
editThe main structure of the terreiro, known as a barracão, sits at the top of the property and includes a hall for public ceremonies, kitchen is used for the preparation of ritual foods, dining room, dressing rooms, and private rooms for religious leaders of the terreiro. The Mãe Menininha do Gantois Memorial is located adjacent to the main barracão. Shrines dedicated to Exu, Omolu, and Ogun are located outside the main barracão. Of particular importance are a fig tree (Ficus) and a jackfruit tree dedicated to Ogun.[2]
Gantois
editThe terreiro has historically been known as Gantois, the Portuguese-language name for Ghent, Belgium. The name is a reference to the birthplace of the original owner of the property Edoard Gantois. Gantois was a navigator and slave trader who operated between Bahia and the slave markets of Ouidah, Benin and Lagos, Nigeria. He leased the land to Maria Júlia da Conceição Nazareth, the founder of the terreiro.[4]
Lineage
edit- Maria Júlia da Conceição Nazaré, founder of the terreiro
- Pulchéria Maria da Conceição
- Maria da Glória Nazareth
- Mãe Menininha do Gantois
- Mãe Cleusa Millet
- Mãe Carmem[3]
Heritage status
editIlê Axé Iyá Omin Iyamassê received heritage status by the Brazilian National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) on December 17, 2002.[1][2]
References
edit- ^ a b "Festa no Terreiro do Gantois, em Salvador". IPHAN BAHIA Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional - Superintendência na Bahia (in Portuguese). Salvador, Brazil: IPHAN Bahia. 2015-05-31. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ a b c Morim, Júlia (2017). "Gantois Yard/Ilê Axé Iyá Omin Iyamassê". Pesquisa Escolar Online. Recife, Brazil: Joaquim Nabuco Foundation. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ a b c Serra, Ordep (2008). Laudo antropológico: exposição de motivos para a instrução de pedido de tombamento do Terreiro do Gantois/Ilê Axé Iá Omin Iamassê como Patrimônio Histórico e Etnográfico do Brasil (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brazil: Ordep Serra. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ Lopes, Nei (2004). Enciclopédia brasileira da diáspora africana. São Paulo, SP: Selo Negro Edições. p. 505. ISBN 8587478214.