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Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui (13 June 1713 – 2 June 1760), of the Han Chinese Plain White Banner Su clan, was a consort of the Qianlong Emperor. She was two years his junior.
| Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Born | 13 June 1713 (康熙五十二年 五月 二十一日) | ||||
| Died | 2 June 1760 (aged 46) (乾隆二十五年 四月 十九日) Forbidden City | ||||
| Burial | Yu Mausoleum, Eastern Qing tombs | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | Yongzhang, Prince Xun of the Second Rank Yongrong, Prince Zhizhuang of the First Rank Princess Hejia of the Second Rank | ||||
| |||||
| House | Su (蘇氏; by birth) Aisin Gioro (by marriage) | ||||
| Father | Su Zhaonan | ||||
| Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 純惠皇貴妃 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 纯惠皇贵妃 | ||||||
| |||||||
Life
editFamily background
editImperial Noble Consort Chunhui's personal name was not recorded in history.
- Father: Zhaonan (召南)
- Two brothers
Kangxi era
editLady Su was born on the 21st day of the fifth lunar month in the 52nd year of the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, which translates to 13 June 1713 in the Gregorian calendar. She grew up in Suzhou.
Yongzheng era
editIt is not known when Lady Su was gifted to the Yongzheng Emperor by local government officials, but Yongzheng decided to give her as a concubine to his fourth son, Hongli. On 15 July 1735, she gave birth to his third son, Yongzhang.
Qianlong era
edit
The Yongzheng Emperor died on 8 October 1735 and was succeeded by Hongli, who was enthroned as the Qianlong Emperor. On 8 November 1735, Lady Su was granted the title of "Concubine Chun". On 23 January 1738, she was elevated to "Consort Chun", making her the fourth highest ranking consort of the emperor, behind Consort Xian, the Noble Consort, and the Empress. On 28 January 1744, she gave birth to the emperor's sixth son, Yongrong.
On 9 December 1745, Consort Chun was elevated to the rank of "Noble Consort" alongside Consort Xian. This was the first time in the dynasty that there were two noble consorts at the same time. On 24 December 1745, she gave birth to the emperor's fourth daughter, Princess Hejia of the Second Rank. Noble Consort Chun became really ill, on 25 May 1760, she was elevated to "Imperial Noble Consort".
Lady Su died on 2 June 1760 and was granted the posthumous title of "Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui". On 16 December 1762, she was interred in the Yu Mausoleum of the Eastern Qing tombs.
Error in name
editThe 20th-century historical text Draft History of Qing incorrectly recorded Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui's family name as "Sugiya" (蘇佳). While some Qing dynasty imperial consorts who were of Han Chinese origin changed their family names to Manchu-sounding names after marrying the emperors, Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui never changed hers. This was because she came from a commoner background, and her family was hence not eligible to be placed under a Manchu banner.
Titles
edit- During the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722):
- Lady Su (蘇氏; from 13 June 1713)
- During the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor (r. 1722–1735):
- Mistress (格格; date unknown)
- During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796):
- Concubine Chun (純嬪; from 8 November 1735),[1] fifth rank consort
- Consort Chun (純妃; from 23 January 1738),[2] fourth rank consort
- Noble Consort Chun (純貴妃; from 9 December 1745),[3] third rank consort
- Imperial Noble Consort (皇貴妃; from 25 May 1760),[4] second rank consort
- Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui (純惠皇貴妃; from June/July 1760)[5]
Issue
edit- As Mistress:
- Yongzhang (永璋; 15 July 1735 – 26 August 1760), Prince Xun of the Second Rank (循郡王), the Qianlong Emperor's third son
- As Consort Chun:
- Yongrong (永瑢; 28 January 1744 – 13 June 1790), Prince Zhizhuang of the First Rank (質莊親王), the Qianlong Emperor's sixth son
- As Noble Consort Chun:
- Princess Hejia of the Second Rank (和碩和嘉公主; 24 December 1745 – 29 October 1767), the Qianlong Emperor's fourth daughter
- Married Fulong'an (福隆安; 1746–1784), of the Manchu Fuca clan on 10 May 1760
- Princess Hejia of the Second Rank (和碩和嘉公主; 24 December 1745 – 29 October 1767), the Qianlong Emperor's fourth daughter
In fiction and popular culture
edit- Portrayed by Wang Yuanke in Story of Yanxi Palace (2018).
- Portrayed by Hu Ke in Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace (2018).
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- Rawski, Evelyn S.; Rawson, Jessica (2006). China: The Three Emperors 1662-1795. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 1903973694.
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).