Indian Fish Trap State Preserve, also known as the Indian Fish Weir, is a historic site located near the Amana Colonies in rural Iowa County, Iowa. The fish weir is an array of rocks in a V-shaped formation in the Iowa River. It is the only structure of this kind in Iowa.[3]
Indian Fish Weir | |
| Location | Address restricted[2] |
|---|---|
| Nearest city | Middle Amana, Iowa |
| Area | less than one acre |
| NRHP reference No. | 88001122[1] |
| Added to NRHP | July 21, 1988 |
History
editIt is not known when the fish weir was built, possibly in either the Late Prehistoric period or Early Historic period.[4] Glacial boulders from a nearby bluff were probably used to construct it. Each wing of the dam is about 155 feet (47 m) in length. The fish were thought to be herded toward the vertex of the "V" where they would be easier to net or spear. They were then placed into an adjacent holding pool. Early pioneers discovered the weir, and it was included on a General Land Office map in the 1840s. Archaeologist Charles R. Keyes wrote about the weir in 1925.[5]
Historically, the weir was submerged below the surface in high water. The Coralville Reservoir pool partially inundates the preserve, which also affects the visibility of the weir. There are three Indian burial mounds that date from the Early Woodland Period located nearby. The fish weir was relocated in 1952, and dedicated as an archaeological state preserve in 1976. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.[1]
Shifting of the Iowa River in the 1990s appears to have buried the fish weir, and it is now south of the main river channel, possibly buried in silt.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ^ Federal and state laws and practices restrict general public access to information regarding the specific location of this resource. In some cases, this is to protect archeological sites from vandalism, while in other cases it is restricted at the request of the owner. See: Knoerl, John; Miller, Diane; Shrimpton, Rebecca H. (1990), Guidelines for Restricting Information about Historic and Prehistoric Resources, National Register Bulletin, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, OCLC 20706997.
- ^ "The Amana Nature Trail". University of Iowa. Retrieved 2016-02-05.
- ^ "Indian Fish Trap State Preserve (Click on the link "State Preserves Guide (Listing of all 95 preserves)" in the text.)". Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved 2016-06-01.
- ^ Herzberg, Ruth; Pearson, John A.; Resources, Iowa Department of Natural (2001). The Guide to Iowa's State Preserves. University of Iowa Press. ISBN 978-0-87745-774-9.
- ^ Whittaker, William (2013). "The Disappearance of the Amana Indian Fish Weir (13IW100)". Newsletter of the Iowa Archeological Society. 63 (1): 1–5.
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