Irdana Khan was the Khan of Kokand from 1750 to 1764. He was the son of Abd al-Rahim Biy and the nephew of Abdul Karim Biy.[1]
| Irdana Khan | |
|---|---|
| Khan of Kokand | |
| Reign | c. 1750 — 1764 |
| Predecessor | Abdurakhman-Batir |
| Successor | Suleiman Bey |
| Born | c. 1720 Kokand |
| Died | c. 1770 Kokand |
| Father | Abdul Rahim Bey |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Rise to power
editAfter the death of Abdul Karim Biy in 1750, Erdeni was made the Khan of Kokand after slaying Abdurakhman-Batir and all of his family in Kokand except his young son Narbuta who was visiting his grandmother. After another prolonged power struggle that lasted roughly ten months between 1752 and 1753, in which Bobobek seized power and held the title of Khan, Irdana took back the title of Khan and removed Bobobek from office.[2][3]
Policies as Khan
editIrdana Biy took active measures to expand the borders of the Khanate, briefly annexing the land of Ura-Tyube long coveted by the Khanate; Ura-Tyube ended up changing hands multiple times to and from Kokand throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. On his second attempt to annex Ura-Tyube he was more successful in capturing the territory, brutalizing prisoners of war by chopping off their heads and constructing a tower out of their heads.[4]
After various wars in attempts to expand the Khanate and Irdana's use of the title Khan instead of Bek, the Qing began to demand tribute from Kokand in the form of livestock and people; the Qing had informed the Khan of the Kazakh Middle Horde that they intended to take over Samarkand and most of Turkestan. When Irdana was informed of the plan of the Qing to take over most of Central Asia, he managed to unite the previously warring militaries of an Afghan monarch, several Kyrgyz biys and well as those of Khujand, Ura-Tyube on the premise of saving the Islamic world from takeover. The alliance, however brief, managed to prevent Qing takeover.[4][5]
References
edit- ^ Howorth, Henry Hoyle. History of the Mongols, from the 9th to the 19th Century. Part II division II. The so-called tartars of Russia and Central Asia. Londres: Longmans, Green and Co, 1880.
- ^ Bobobekov H.N., Qoʻqon tarixi, T., 1996.
- ^ Dani, Ahmad Hasan; Masson, Vadim Mikhaĭlovich; Unesco (2003-01-01). History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Development in contrast : from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century. UNESCO. ISBN 9789231038761.
- ^ a b Starr, S. Frederick (2014-12-18). Ferghana Valley: The Heart of Central Asia. Routledge. ISBN 9781317470663.
- ^ Newby, L. J. (2005). The Empire And the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations With Khoqand C1760-1860. BRILL. ISBN 9004145508.