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Irish Traveller Americans are Americans who are of Irish Traveller descent. There are an estimated 7,000-40,000 Irish Traveller Americans.[1] Irish Travellers are an ethnic group with origins in Ireland; they may or may not consider themselves to be Irish or Irish American.
| |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
| 7,000-40,000 (estimated c. 2010s-20s) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Southern U.S., especially Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas and Memphis, Tennessee/Southaven, Mississippi metropolitan areas | |
| Languages | |
| American English, Irish, Shelta | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Roman Catholic | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Other Irish Travellers, Irish Americans, Irish |
Most Irish Travellers are in South Carolina and Texas, especially in the North Augusta and Fort Worth/White Settlement areas specifically. Irish Traveller Americans consist of people originating from immigrants who came to the U.S. before the 20th century, and some who came later during the 1900s and 2000s. Georgia, New York, and Tennessee also have communities of sizable proportions.
Irish Travellers are often involved in painting, construction, and pavement/asphalt-related work.
History
editAn estimated 10,000 people in the United States are descendants of Travellers who left Ireland, mostly between 1845 and 1860 during the Great Famine.[2] However, there are no official population figures regarding Irish Travellers in the United States as the US census does not recognise them as an ethnic group.[3][4] While some sources estimate their population in the US to be less than 10,000, others suggest their population is 40,000. According to research published in 1992, Irish Travellers in the US divide themselves up into groups that are based on historical residence: Ohio Travellers, Georgia Travellers, Texas Travellers, and Mississippi Travellers. The Georgia Travellers' camp is made up of about 800 families, the Mississippi Travellers, about 300 families, and the Texas Travellers, under 50 families."[3][4]
The largest and most affluent population of about 2,500 lives in Murphy Village in Murphys Estates, outside of the town of North Augusta, South Carolina.[5] Other communities exist in the Memphis, Tennessee/Southaven, Mississippi metropolitan area; Hernando, Mississippi; and near White Settlement, Texas; where the families stay in their homes during the winter, and leave during the summer, while smaller enclaves can be found across Georgia, Alabama, New York, and Mississippi.[6]
Traditional settled Irish American communities often do not contain sizable populations of Travellers, such as in the Irish-heavy Greater Boston area, for instance; however, a group of Irish Travellers have been reported in Long Island, New York for fighting-related mischief that spilled out on a roadway, from multiple parties coming from multiple cars. Pavement companies owned by settled Irish and Irish Travellers alike have existed and still have presence in the Long Island, New York area, Upstate New York, and other areas of the East Coast.
Numbers of Irish Travellers on the West Coast remains unknown.
Social issues
editWhile the Irish Travellers have communities that prosper more socioeconomically, such as that in the one in Murphys Estates, South Carolina, their average median income is unknown as the U.S. Census does not consider the Traveller ethnicity to be recognized, and may often be conflated with the Irish American category, or simply Caucasian American. However, Travellers have been covered in Dallas-area news for accidents and deaths that have occurred in their community. In Tarrant County, Texas, where a Traveller community exists, several major incidents have occurred in the 2000s. In January 2000, five Travellers boys, ages 13-14, were killed in a car accident; the pickup they were riding in flipped over a median on Interstate 30 in west Fort Worth and landed upside down on another truck. A father of a boy killed in the wreck would be sentenced to 3 years in prison for scams that occurred in California, Texas, Alaska, and other states in 2005. A mother of one of the boys who died in the accident would later die of a drug overdose at age 48 in 2017.
In 2002, Irish Travellers as a community made national news when a Traveller woman with Fort Worth ties was caught on video beating her 4-year-old daughter outside an Indiana store. Pete "Blue" Daley, a 73-year-old Houston Irish Traveller with local ties, was fatally shot outside a motel near Atlanta, Georgia. His murder remains unsolved.[7]
Boxing
editAndy Lee, a London-born boxer, moved to Detroit, Michigan in the 2010s to train for his boxing career; he is of Traveller descent.
References
edit- ^ "Who are the Irish Travellers in the US?". IrishCentral.com. 2020-07-10. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
- ^ Casey, Dan; Casey, Conor (September–October 1994). "Irish Travelers of Aiken County". Irish America. Vol. 10, no. 5. pp. 44–47. ISSN 0884-4240. ProQuest 211244286.
- ^ a b Mary E. Andereck (21 February 1992). Ethnic Awareness and the School: An Ethnographic Study. SAGE Publications. pp. 22–. ISBN 978-0-8039-3886-1.
- ^ a b Andereck, Mary E. (1996). "Irish Travelers". In O'Leary, Timothy J.; et al. (eds.). Encyclopedia of world cultures. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 162–164. Archived from the original on 2015-01-14. Retrieved 2011-12-21 – via encyclopedia.com.
- ^ "Who are the Irish Travellers in the United States?". Pavee Point Travellers Centre. June 2005. Archived from the original on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^ License To Steal, Traveling Con Artists, Their Games, Their Rules – Your Money by Dennis Marlock & John Dowling, Paladin Press, 1994: Boulder, Colorado
- ^ Boyd, Deana (March 23, 2015). "Travellers have long history in Tarrant County". Star Telegram.