Ismail Merchant (born Ismail Noor Muhammad Abdul Rahman; 25 December 1936 – 25 May 2005) was an Indian film producer. He worked for many years in collaboration with Merchant Ivory Productions which included film director (and Merchant's longtime professional and domestic partner) James Ivory as well as screenwriter Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. Together they made acclaimed film adaptations from the novels of E.M. Forster and Henry James. Merchant received the BAFTA Award for Best Film for A Room with a View (1985), and Howards End (1992). He received Academy Award nominations for Best Live Action Short Film for The Creation of a Woman (1959) and for Best Picture for A Room with a View (1985), Howards End (1992), and The Remains of the Day (1993).
Ismail Merchant | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Ismail Noor Muhammad Abdul Rahman 25 December 1936 Bombay, India |
| Died | 25 May 2005 (aged 68) London, England |
| Resting place | Mumbai, India |
| Alma mater | University of Bombay New York University |
| Occupation(s) | Film producer, director |
| Years active | 1960–2005 |
| Partner | James Ivory (1961–2005; Merchant's death) |
Early life and education
editBorn in Bombay (Mumbai) to a Memon family, Merchant was son of Hazra (née Memon) and Noor Mohamed Rehman, a Bombay textile dealer.[1] He grew up trilingual in Gujarati, Memoni and Urdu, and learned Arabic and English at school. When he was 11, he and his family were caught up in the 1947 partition of India. His father was the President of the Muslim League and refused to move to Pakistan. Merchant later said that he carried memories of "butchery and riots" into adulthood.[2] As a child at the age of 9, Merchant delivered a speech about partition at a political rally in front of a crowd of 10,000.
At age 13, he developed a close friendship with actress Nimmi, who introduced him to studios in Bombay (the center of Hindi film industry). It was she who inspired his ambitious rise to stardom.[3] Merchant studied at St. Xavier's College, Mumbai and received BA degree of University of Bombay. It was here he developed a love for movies. When he was 22, he moved to USA to study at New York University where he received an MBA degree. While in New York, he gave up his family name of Abdul Rehman for Merchant.[4]
He supported himself by working as a messenger for the UN in New York and used this opportunity to persuade Indian delegates to fund his film projects. Of this experience, he said, "I was not intimidated by anyone or anything."[2] Immersed in a new world of art and culture, it was here that Merchant discovered the films of Bengali director Satyajit Ray, as well as those of European artists such as Ingmar Bergman, Vittorio De Sica, and Federico Fellini.[3] In 1961, Merchant made a short film, The Creation of Woman. It was shown at the Cannes Film Festival and received an Academy Award nomination.[4]
Merchant Ivory Productions
editMerchant met American movie director James Ivory at a screening in New York of Ivory's documentary The Sword and the Flute in 1959. In May 1961, Merchant and Ivory formed the film production company Merchant Ivory Productions. Merchant and Ivory were long-term life partners.[5][6] Their professional and romantic partnership lasted 44 years, from 1961 until Merchant's death in 2005.[5] They were both also involved with the gay composer Richard Robbins, with whom they collaborated on several films.[7]
The Guinness Book of World Records says theirs was the longest partnership in independent cinema history.[8] Until Merchant's death in 2005, they produced nearly 40 films, including a number of award winners. Novelist Ruth Prawer Jhabvala was the screenwriter for most of their productions.
In 1963, MIP premiered its first production, The Householder, based upon a novel by Jhabvala (who also wrote the screenplay). This feature became the first Indian-made film to be distributed internationally by a major American studio, Columbia Pictures. However, it wasn't until the 1970s that partnership "hit on a successful formula for studied, slow-moving pieces ... Merchant Ivory became known for their attention to tiny period detail and opulence of their sets".[9] Their first success in this style was Jhabvala's adaptation of Henry James's The Europeans.
In addition to producing, Merchant directed a number of films and two TV features. For TV, he directed a short feature entitled Mahatma and the Mad Boy, and a full-length feature, The Courtesans of Bombay, made for Britain's Channel Four. Merchant made his film directorial debut with 1993's In Custody based on a novel by Anita Desai, and starring Bollywood actor Shashi Kapoor. Filmed in Bhopal, India, it won National Awards from the Government of India for Best Production Design and Special Jury award for lead actor Shashi Kapoor. His second directing feature, The Proprietor, starred Jeanne Moreau, Sean Young, Jean-Pierre Aumont and Christopher Cazenove and was filmed on location in Paris, France. Of his partnership with Ivory and Jhabvala, Merchant once commented: "It is a strange marriage we have at Merchant Ivory ... I am an Indian Muslim, Ruth is a German Jew, and Jim is a Protestant American. Someone once described us as a three-headed god. Maybe they should have called us a three-headed monster!"[10]
Cooking and writing
editMerchant was fond of cooking, and he wrote several books including Ismail Merchant's Indian Cuisine, Ismail Merchant's Florence, Ismail Merchant's Passionate Meals,[11] and Ismail Merchant's Paris: Filming and Feasting in France. He also wrote books on filmmaking, including a book about the making of the film The Deceivers in 1988 titled Hullabaloo in Old Jeypur, and another about the making of The Proprietor called Once Upon a Time ... The Proprietor. His last book was entitled My Passage from India: A Filmmaker's Journey from Bombay to Hollywood and Beyond.[12]
Death
editMerchant died in Westminster, England[13] aged 68, following surgery for abdominal ulcers.[14] He was buried in Bada Qabrastan Mumbai in Marine Lines, Mumbai, India on 28 May 2005, in keeping with his wish to be buried with his ancestors.
Filmography
editProducer
editDirector
edit| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1974 | Mahatma and the Mad Boy | short |
| 1983 | The Courtesans of Bombay | docudrama |
| 1993 | In Custody | feature debut |
| 1995 | Lumière and Company | segment: Merchant Ivory, Paris Co-director with James Ivory |
| 1996 | The Proprietor | |
| 1999 | Cotton Mary | |
| 2001 | The Mystic Masseur |
Actor
edit| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1963 | The Householder | Minor Role | uncredited |
| 1965 | Shakespeare Wallah | Theater Owner | uncredited |
| 1969 | The Guru | Master of Ceremonies | |
| 1970 | Bombay Talkie | Fate Machine Producer | |
| 1989 | Slaves of New York | Party Guest | uncredited |
| 1995 | Jefferson in Paris | Tipoo Sultan's Ambassador | final film role |
Awards and nominations
editIn 2002 he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India.[15] He was also a recipient of The International Center in New York's Award of Excellence.
| Year | Association | Category | Film | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Academy Awards | Best Live Action Short Film | The Creation of a Woman | Nominated | [16] |
| 1985 | Best Picture | A Room with a View | Nominated | [17] | |
| 1992 | Howards End | Nominated | [18] | ||
| 1993 | The Remains of the Day | Nominated | [19] | ||
| 1983 | British Academy Film Awards | Best Film | Heat and Dust | Nominated | [20] |
| 1985 | A Room with a View | Won | [21] | ||
| 1992 | Howards End | Won | [22] | ||
| 1993 | The Remains of the Day | Nominated | [23] | ||
| 1985 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Motion Picture – Drama | A Room with a View | Nominated | [24] |
| 1992 | Howards End | Nominated | [25] | ||
| 1993 | The Remains of the Day | Nominated | [26] | ||
| 1992 | Producers Guild of America Award | Best Theatrical Motion Picture | Howards End | Nominated | [27] |
| 1993 | The Remains of the Day | Nominated |
References
edit- ^ "Ismail Merchant Biography (1936-)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
- ^ a b cited in Cheek of the devil
- ^ a b Hirahara, Naomi (2003). Distinguished Asian American business leaders (1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. p. 135. ISBN 1573563447. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ^ a b "Ismail Merchant, 1936-2005". Newsweek. 5 June 2005. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
- ^ a b Horn, John (26 May 2005). "Obituaries; Ismail Merchant, 68; Producer of Stylish, Popular Period Dramas". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2008.
- ^ "Ismail Merchant : Biography". IMDb.com. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
- ^ Gilbey, Ryan (12 March 2024). "I got you an Oscar. Why do I need to pay you?". The Guardian.
- ^ "Film Producer Ismail Merchant Dies". NPR.org. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
- ^ "Obituary: Ismail Merchant". The Telegraph. 26 May 2005. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
- ^ "Ismail Merchant". The Times. London. 26 May 2005. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008.
- ^ "Nonfiction Book Review:Ismail Merchant's Passionate Meals:The New Indian Cuisine for Fearless Cooks and Adventurous Eaters by Ismail Merchant, Author, Asmail Merchant, Author, Madhur Jaffrey, Adapted by Hyperion Books $27 (312p) ISBN 978-0-7868-6015-9". PublishersWeekly.com. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
- ^ "Merchant Ivory: My Passage from India - A Filmaker's Journey from Bombay to Hollywood and Beyond". www.merchantivory.com. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
- ^ "Births, Marriages and Deaths 1538 - 2006". Archived from the original on 31 August 2009. Retrieved 31 October 2011.
- ^ "Ismail Merchant passes away at 68". Us.rediff.com. 26 May 2005. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
- ^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
- ^ "33rd Academy Awards". Oscars.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "59th Academy Awards". Oscars.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "65th Academy Awards". Oscars.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "66th Academy Awards". Oscars.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "37th BAFTA Awards". awards.bafta.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "40th BAFTA Awards". awards.bafta.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "46th BAFTA Awards". awards.bafta.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "47th BAFTA Awards". awards.bafta.org. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "The 44th Golden Globe Awards". Internet Archieve. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "'Men' Reaches Out for a Few Good Globes : Awards: Film garners five Golden Globe nominations in key categories; 'Aladdin' also gets five with four of those for its song score". Los Angeles Times. 30 December 1992. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "Golden Globe nominations". Variety. 23 December 1993. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ "Ismail Merchant - Awards". IMDB. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
Further reading
edit- "Cheek of the devil, charm of an angel: Ismail Merchant, Producer, 1936–2005" (Obituary reprinted from Telegraph, London), in The Sydney Morning Herald, 2005-05-30, p. 41
External links
edit