Itkonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Ensio Itkonen (1926–2010), Finnish driving instructor and traffic educator
- Esa Itkonen (born 1944), Finnish linguist
- Rieti Itkonen (1889–1951), Finnish lawyer, journalist, and politician
- T. I. Itkonen (1891–1968), Finnish historian and linguist