Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec

Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec, or simply Nieves Mixtec, is a variety of Mixtec spoken in the municipality of Ixpantepec Nieves, Oaxaca, Mexico and in San Diego County, California, United States.

Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec
Tu̱ʼun ndáʼví[1][2]
Pronunciation[ˌtṵ̃˩ũ˧ˈⁿdaʔ˥vi˥][2]
RegionIxpantepec Nieves, Oaxaca, Mexico and San Diego County, California, United States
EthnicityMixtecs
Oto-Manguean
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3
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Classification

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INALI classifies Nieves Mixtec as part of Upper Western Mixtec (Spanish: mixteco del oeste alto).[3] J. Kathryn Josserand classified it as part of Southern Baja Mixtec.[4] SIL grouped Nieves Mixtec with Silacayoapan Mixtec,[5] and found that speakers of Nieves Mixtec could understand 94% of Silacayoapan Mixtec, 75% of Juxtlahuaca Mixtec, 56% of Mixtepec Mixtec and 46% of Cacaloxtepec Mixtec.[6]

Phonology

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Consonants

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[7] Labial Coronal Dorsal
Apico-
alveolar
Lamino-
alveolar
Post-
alveolar
Labialized
Voiceless Stop t k
Continuant s ʃ x
Voiced Stop (ᵐb) ⁿd ⁿdʲ (ᵑɡ)
Continuant v l ʒ
Nasal m n ɲ
  • The voiceless stops /t tʲ k/ lenite lenite in prosodically weak positions: /t/ becomes [d] or [ð], /tʲ/ becomes [ɾ], and /k/ becomes [ɡ] or [ɣ].[7]
  • /x/ may be realized as [h].[8]
  • /v/ may be realized as [β] or [β̞].[9]
  • /ʒ/ may be realized as [j].[9]
  • /ᵐb/ and /ᵑɡ/ are found in only a small number of words, including loanwords.[10]
  • /ɲ/ may be realized as [j̃] in unstressed syllables.[11]
  • Spanish consonants such as /p f b d ɾ r/ are found in loanwords. /r/ is also found in two animal names.[12]

Vowels

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[13] Oral Nasal
Front Central Back Front Central Back
+High ii uu ĩĩ ũũ
i u ĩ ũ
High ee aa oo ẽẽ ãã
e a o ã

Notes

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  1. ^ Caballero & Carroll 2013, p. 1.
  2. ^ a b Carroll 2015, p. 116.
  3. ^ INALI n.d.
  4. ^ Josserand 1983, p. 470.
  5. ^ Egland, Bartholomew & Cruz Ramos 1983, p. 26.
  6. ^ Egland, Bartholomew & Cruz Ramos 1983, p. 36.
  7. ^ a b Carroll 2015, p. 38.
  8. ^ Carroll 2015, p. 40.
  9. ^ a b Carroll 2015, p. 43.
  10. ^ Carroll 2015, pp. 38, 41.
  11. ^ Carroll 2015, p. 44.
  12. ^ Carroll 2015, pp. 44–45.
  13. ^ Carroll 2015, p. 50.

References

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  • Bowen, Michael Andrew Villas-Boas (2010). Narrative strategies in Ixpantepec-Nieves Mixtec (M.A. thesis). San Diego State University.
  • Caballero, Gabriela; Carroll, Lucien (2013). Procesos de adaptación prosódica en préstamos del español al rarámuri (tarahumara) de Choguita y al tu'un savi (mixteco) de Ixpantepec Nieves [Processes of prosodic adaptation of Spanish loanwords into Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) and Ixpantepec Nieves Tu’un Savi (Mixtec)] (PDF). Sixth Conference on the Indigenous Languages of Latin America (in Spanish). The University of Texas at Austin.
  • Caponigro, Ivano; Torrence, Harold; Cisneros, Carlos (January 2013). "Free relative clauses in two Mixtec languages". International Journal of American Linguistics. 79 (1): 61–96. doi:10.1086/668608. hdl:1808/14686.
  • Carroll, Lucien Serapio (2015). Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec Word Prosody (Ph.D. thesis). University of California, San Diego.
  • Egland, Steven; Bartholomew, Doris; Cruz Ramos, Saúl (1983) [1978]. La Inteligibilidad interdialectal en México: Restultados de algunos sondeos [Interdialectical Intelligibility in Mexico: Some Survey Results] (in Spanish). México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.
  • "Catálogo de las lenguas indígenas nacionales" [Catalog of the National Indigenous Languages] (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas. n.d. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  • Josserand, Judy Kathryn (1983). Mixtec Dialect History (Ph.D. thesis). Tulane University.
  • Perry, Elizabeth (2009). "The Declining Use of the Mixtec Language Among Oaxacan Migrants and Stay-at-Homes: The Persistence of Memory, Discrimination, and Social Hierarchies of Power" (PDF). The Center for Comparative Immigration Studies.