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Jacobo Arenas ("nom de guerre" of Luis Alberto Morantes Jaimes, 23 January 1924 – 10 August 1990) was a Colombian guerrilla leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC).
Jacobo Arenas | |
|---|---|
 Jacobo Arenas, political leader of FARC-EP. | |
| Nickname(s) | Jacobo Arenas |
| Born | 23 January 1924 |
| Died | 10 October 1990 (aged 66) |
| Service | FARC |
| Years of service | 1964–1990 |
| Rank | Founder and Ideological Leader of FARC-EP |
| Battles / wars | Colombian armed conflict |
Importance to FARC
editJacobo Arenas' was an influential figure in FARC and their operations. Arenas operated on both the political and operations side of FARC. Acting as both an ideological figurehead as well as an operations leader Arenas was monumental in FARC's notoriety.[1]
Much of FARC's early political strategy was a result of Jacobo Arenas' work in the Seventh Guerilla Conference. One of the leaders of the Seventh Guerilla Conference, Arenas put forward his plan for FARC to take control of the Colombian government. His plan was to mobilize FARC members to grow support within the Colombian cities for politicians that were sympathetic to FARC or furthered their political agenda. Arenas believed that this city based strategy would be a catalyst to create the conditions for revolution. The strategy drew from the events of La Violencia which would help FARC take power.[2] Arenas strategy also shifted to more aggressive tactics that involved surrounding and sieging cities and actively engaging with enemies.
As the war against the guerillas in Colombia was heating up, many guerilla groups started to raise funds by getting involved in the narcotics trade. Jacobo Arenas, along with other FARC leaders, rejected this idea believing that narco-trafficking was damaging to FARC's ideals and message. FARC would continue to involve themselves into the drug trade ignoring the advice of Arenas.[3]
In 1984 the Colombian government wanted to attempt a peace deal with FARC. As peace negotiations began Jacobo Arenas was appointed as the leader for FARC in the National Peace Commission. FARC and the Colombian government agreed to el Acuerdo de la Uribe on March 28, 1984 which amongst other agreements, allowed for the creation of FARC's first political party, Union Patriotica, Patriotic Union in 1985.[4] The peace deal failed two years later due to anti-communist para-military groups executing Patriotic Union leadership and members.[5]
Death and aftermath
editJacobo Arenas died on 10 August 1990, possibly due to cancer, but perhaps also due to diabetes or an ulcer, or even assassinated by a vindictive comrade (according to different versions).[6] The death of Arenas was never completely replaced as the ideological leader of FARC which caused FARC to lose much of their political goals. FARC transitioned heavily into the narcotics trafficking part losing much of their political goals in the process.[7]
Arenas' son, known as Francisco Arenas, continued to serve in the FARC after his father's death. He eventually led the Jacobo Arenas Front mobile column, named in honor of his father.
Alfonso Cano subsequently became Arenas' replacement as ideological leader of the group throughout the 1990s, and served as the leader of the FARC-EP from May 2008 to November 2011, when he was killed.
References
editThis article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2009) |
- Diario de la resistencia de Marquetalia, Jacobo Arenas, Ediciones Abejón Mono, 1972
- Dance of the Millions: Military Rule and the Social Revolution in Colombia : 1930-1956, Vernon L. Fluharty, ISBN 0-8371-8368-5, 1975
- Blood and Fire: La Violencia in Antioquia, Colombia, 1946-1953, Mary Roldan, Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-2918-2, 2002
- Human Rights Watch, "The Sixth Division: Military-Paramilitary ties and US Policy in Colombia", September 2001. [1]
- Martin Hodgson, CSM, 26 April 2000 (UN Report)
- ^ "El sueño de la Muerte", La tradición manuscrita de los Sueños de Quevedo y la primera edición, Purdue University Press, pp. 83–94, 31 January 2005, doi:10.2307/j.ctt6wq6kf.12, ISBN 978-1-61249-095-3, retrieved 19 April 2021
- ^ "El sueño de la Muerte", La tradición manuscrita de los Sueños de Quevedo y la primera edición, Purdue University Press, pp. 83–94, 31 January 2005, doi:10.2307/j.ctt6wq6kf.12, ISBN 978-1-61249-095-3, retrieved 19 April 2021
- ^ "The FARC 1964-2002: From Ragged Rebellion to Military Machine". InSight Crime. 27 March 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
- ^ Arenas, Jacobo (2015). Cese al fuego : una historia política de las FARC. ISBN 978-958-58451-1-4. OCLC 1106029201.
- ^ Gómez-Suarez, Andrei (2018). "Genocidio, geopolítica y redes transnacionales. Una con-textualización de la destrucción de la Unión Patriótica en Colombia". Colección General. doi:10.30778/2018.44 (inactive 13 November 2024). ISBN 9789587746341.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) - ^ "Jacobó Arenas Fue Asesinado". 31 March 1992.
- ^ Gutiérrez D., José Antonio (1 September 2020). "Toward a New Phase of Guerrilla Warfare in Colombia? The Reconstitution of the FARC-EP in Perspective". Latin American Perspectives. 47 (5): 227–244. doi:10.1177/0094582X20939118. ISSN 0094-582X. S2CID 221749506.