Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan (died 1339), initially Hasan Kaithali,[1] also known as Jalal al-Din Ahsan Shah,[2] was the first Sultan of Madurai Sultanate and father-in-law of the great traveller Ibn Battuta.
| Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan | |
|---|---|
| Sultan | |
| 1st Sultan of Ma'bar | |
| Reign | 1335 – 1339 |
| Successor | Ala-ud-din Udauji Shah |
| Died | 1339 |
| Issue | Ibrahim |
| Religion | Islam |
Origin
editThe founder of the Madurai Sultanate, Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan, was called a Sayyid native of Kaithal,[3][4] while also being called an Afghan.[5]
Declaration of independence
editIn 1335, Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan, the Muslim Governor of Madurai, declared his independence and established the independent sultanate of Madurai.[6] As a response to his rebellion, the Sultan of Delhi punished the Sayyid and other Indian Muslim inhabitants of Kaithal out of spite for Ahsan Khan as he belonged to Kaithal.[7] He claimed the whole of the Delhi Sultanate province of Ma'bar which included a small part of the ancient Tamil country.[6] However, he scarcely had any authority beyond the realm of the Pandyas and the territory to the north of the river Kaveri was largely independent under the Cholas and the Hoysalas.[8]
Reign
edit
Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan took over as the independent sultan of Madurai in 1335.[9] Ferishta, however, gives a date of 1341 for his assumption of the sultanate.[10] Ferishta refers to Ahsan Khan as Syed, Hasan and Husun.[10] Ahsan Khan was also the father-in-law of the Moorish traveller Ibn Battuta.[10] Immediately, Muhammad bin Tughluq sent an army to reassert his control over the region. But Ahsan Khan easily defeated this army.[10] Tughluq took his revenge by killing Ahsan Khan's son Ibrahim who was the purse-bearer of the Emperor. Ahsan Khan was killed in 1340 by one of his nobles after having ruled for a brief span of 5 years.
Notes
edit- ^ Qanungo (1960). Historical Essays.
- ^ Jalāl al-Dīn Aḥsan Shah at the Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ Saeed, Mian Muhammad (1972). The Sharqi of Jaunpur: A Political & Cultural History. University of Karachi. p. 5.
- ^ Rajayyan 2005, p. 161.
- ^ Rajayyan, K. (2005). Tamil Nadu, a Real History. Ratna Publications. p. 165.
- ^ a b Aiyangar, Pg 155
- ^ Qanungo. Historical Essays. p. 38.
- ^ Aiyangar, Pg 156
- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 95. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ^ a b c d Aiyangar, Pg 165
References
edit- Aiyangar, Sakkottai Krishnaswami (1921). South India and her Muhammadan Invaders. Oxford University.