James Anderton (1932–2022) was a British police officer.
James Anderton may also refer to:
- Jim Anderton (James Patrick Anderton, 1938–2018), New Zealand politician
- James Anderton (controversialist) (1557–1613), English Catholic
- James Anderton (aristocrat) (1557–1618), pro-Catholic author
- Sir James Anderton, 4th Baronet (1678–1710) of the Anderton baronets