James Ritchie & Son are a firm of Clockmakers in Broxburn, West Lothian, Scotland.[1][2][3][4] The company was established in 1809 and is Scotland's oldest turret clock manufacturer.[1][5]
| Founded | 1809 |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | Broxburn, Scotland |
| Products | clocks |
| Parent | Smith of Derby Group from 2013 |
| Website | James Ritchie |
The firm produces and maintains all sorts of clocks, including public clocks. The company is contracted to wind, set, repair and clean many of the public clocks in Edinburgh and since 2015 has converted many of the city's clocks windings to automatic mechanisms.[6][7]
History
editThe clockmakers was established by James Ritchie in 1809 at 29 Leith Street.[8][9] In 1819, the company acquired the clockmaking business of another Edinburgh clockmaker, Joseph Durward.[8][9] By 1836 the company had changed its name to James Ritchie & Son.[8] James Ritchie died in 1849 and was succeeded by Frederick James Ritchie (1828-1906) who continued to manage the business.[8] The firm was a recipient of the clockmaking Reid Auld prize on several occasions.[9] In 1906, the firm passed to Frederick II, son of Frederick James and his descendants but suffered from financial difficulties over the coming decades.[8] In 1953, the Leith Street premises were sold and the last remaining Ritchie (Leone) retired, passing control to his nephew, Robert Mitchell who moved the firm to Broughton St.[8] The firm was subsequently purchased by Frank Pritchard, an earlier apprentice of Mitchells.[8] In 2003, the firm relocated to Broxburn in West Lothian.[5] In 2013, the firm was acquired by the English clockmakers Smith of Derby but continues to operate under its own name as a subsidiary.[1][10]
Works
edit
Their works include:
- The installation of the Calton Hill 'Time Ball' on top of the Nelson Monument in Edinburgh that links with the One O'Clock Gun at Edinburgh Castle.[11] The company continue to maintain the clock today for Edinburgh City Council.[11][12] From 1861, the gun clock was controlled by electric telegraph signal from the Observatory which was the responsibility of Frederick James Ritchie, son of the founder of the company.[12]
- The Floral clock of Princes Street Gardens, one of the first of its kind in the world.[2][4]
- The circular clock of the Heart of Midlothian War Memorial at Haymarket, unveiled in 1922.[13]
- The large clock of the Balmoral Hotel in Edinburgh; the company continue to maintain the clock three minutes fast.[10]
- The fitting of a new automatic mechanism on the clock of St Magnus Cathedral in 2018.[2]
- The pillar clocks in Morningside, Tron Square and at Tollcross (a 2-faced clock from 1901).[5][14] In March 2022, the Tollcross clock was removed by the council due to 'health and safety concerns' and details of its restoration are not yet known.[15]
- The repair and maintenance of St. Bride's Church clock in Douglas, South Lanarkshire.[16][17] The church is Scotland's oldest known working public clock.[16][17]
- The production and ongoing maintenance of the non-dial chiming clock of St Giles' Cathedral, installed in 1911.[18][7][9]
- The clock on the gothic spire of the Hub in Edinburgh (formerly known as the Highland Tolbooth St John's Church).[7]
- The ogival-roofed clock on brackets of the Canongate Tolbooth.[19] The clock casing and mechanism were produced by the firm in 1884.[19]
As well as tower clocks, the company specialises in public clocks of smaller sizes, for example the former station clock of the old Fort William railway station was made by the firm.[20] A working model of a tower clock built by the company is in the grand gallery of the National Museum of Scotland on Chambers Street.[21]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Time is called on oldest Scots clockmaker". Herald Scotland. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ a b c "Times up for hand winding St Magnus cathedral clock". The Orcadian. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ "James Ritchie & Son". British Museum. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Time piece: Keeping up with business as clocks spring forward". BBC News. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ a b c "Time is of the essence for dedicated clockmen". The Scotsman. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ "Plan to make landmark clocks automatic". Edinburgh Evening News. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ a b c "Historic Edinburgh clocks to be switched to automatic". Herald Scotland. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g Watt, David (2013). "James Ritchie & Son – Clockmakers" (PDF). Broughton History Society Newsletter. summer (32): 4–5. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ a b c d Smith, John (1975). Old Scottish Clockmakers from 1453 to 1850. Wakefield: EP Publishing. p. 317. ISBN 9780715810866.
- ^ a b "Scotland's clock that's (almost) never on time". BBC News. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ a b Marshall, Alan (Autumn 2009). "Nelson Monument". AHSS Magazine. 26: 14–17.
- ^ a b Kinns, Roger (July 2011). "The Early History of the Edinburgh Time Ball and Time Gun". International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology. 81 (2): 264–290. doi:10.1179/175812111X13033852943390. S2CID 109474035. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Edinburgh, Haymarket, Heart Of Midlothian War Memorial (237149)". Canmore. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "TOLLCROSS, CLOCK (LB47048)". Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ "Historic Edinburgh clock removed by council due to 'health and safety' reasons". Edinburgh Live. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- ^ a b "Time stands still on clock repair". BBC News. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Ancient Scots clock chimes again". BBC News. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ Marshall, Rosalind K. (2009). St Giles': The Dramatic Story of a Great Church and its People. Saint Andrew Press. pp. 103, 154. ISBN 9780715208830.
- ^ a b Historic Environment Scotland. "Edinburgh, 163 Canongate, Canongate Tolbooth, City Museum (52527)". Canmore. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ "Council office clear-out turns up railway memorabilia". BBC News. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ "Tower clock". National Museum of Scotland. Retrieved 30 August 2021.