Janet "Jenny" McCallum or Janet Richardson (21 July 1881 – 24 March 1946) was a Scottish trade unionist and working-class suffragette in a movement which was predominantly made up of middle and upper-class activists.[1]
Janet McCallum | |
|---|---|
 in a prisoner outfit | |
| Born | 21 July 1881 Dunfermline, Scotland |
| Died | 24 March 1946 (aged 64) Pretoria, South Africa |
| Other names | Janet Richardson |
| Occupation | Linen worker |
| Known for | Suffragette and trade unionist |
| Spouse |
Harry Richardson (m. 1915) |
Life
editMcCallum was born in Dunfermline in 1881. She was the eldest of the thirteen children of John and Jenny McCallum. Her father worked on the construction of the Forth Bridge. She worked in a linen weaving factory until 1908[2] and she was unusual in becoming a working-class woman who was active in the women's suffrage movement.[1]
Activity
editIn 1907 she organised what was called a "Great Demonstration" where the national leaders of the Women's Social and Political Union would come to West Fife.[3]
By 1908,[4] she had joined Anna Munro in the Women's Freedom League.[5] The league was a break away group from the WSPU who objected to the autocratic management of the Pankhursts.[6] By 27 October 1908 she was in London. She and 14 others were arrested after staging a demonstration in Old Palace Yard outside the houses of parliament; "a newspaper report says "four very athletic suffragettes clambered on a statue".[4] She was given the choice of paying a £5 fine or serving a sentence and chose a one month sentence. After leaving Holloway Prison she went to Glasgow on behalf of the WFL.[3] In 1919 she came to the fore in a dispute with the Scottish National Housing Company. She gathered attention for the Rosyth tenants who were involved in what was presented as a women-led rent strike. The dispute led to some tenants appearing in court and McCallum was able to arrange for Sylvia Pankhurst to speak on their behalf.[7]
Personal
editIn 1919 she returned to Dunfermline and resumed working so that she could help support her mother and sister. She married Harry Richardson in 1915 and they had three children.
In the 1920s Harry and Janet decided to emigrate as there was little work in Scotland. By the time votes for women were agreed, she was living in South Africa.[4] McCallum died in Pretoria in South Africa 1946.[3]
References
edit- ^ a b "Scotland's forgotten sisters". www.scotsman.com. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
- ^ "McCallum Family of Dunfermline – The Fife Post………..for genealogy, history & information". www.thefifepost.com. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
- ^ a b c Chris Neale, ‘McCallum, Janet Hutchison (1881–1946)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 24 Nov 2017
- ^ a b c Brocklehurst, Steven (6 February 2018). "'I'm proud to have a Scottish suffragette in the family'". BBC News Services. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
- ^ Anna Munro grew up in Edinburgh. She originally joined the WSPU but followed Teresa Billington Greig into the WFL and became her private secretary.
- ^ "Alice Schofield". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
- ^ Chris Neale, ‘McCallum, Janet Hutchison (1881–1946)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 24 Nov 2017