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Jean-Marie Bockel (born 22 June 1950) is a French politician who has been serving as President Emmanuel Macron's Personal Envoy for Africa since 2024.[1]
Jean-Marie Bockel | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the French Senate for Haut-Rhin | |
| In office 14 December 2010 – 30 September 2020 | |
| Preceded by | Jacques Muller |
| Succeeded by | Ludovic Haye |
| State Secretary of Justice | |
| In office 23 June 2009 – 13 November 2010 | |
| President | Nicolas Sarkozy |
| Prime Minister | François Fillon |
| Preceded by | None |
| Secretary of State for Veterans' Affairs | |
| In office 18 March 2008 – 23 June 2009 | |
| President | Emmanuel Macron |
| Prime Minister | François Fillon |
| Preceded by | Alain Marleix |
| Succeeded by | Hubert Falco |
| Minister Delegate for Development and Francophonie | |
| In office 18 June 2007 – 18 March 2008 | |
| President | Nicolas Sarkozy |
| Prime Minister | François Fillon |
| Preceded by | Brigitte Girardin |
| Succeeded by | Alain Joyandet |
| Mayor of Mulhouse | |
| In office 1989–2010 | |
| Preceded by | Joseph Klifa |
| Succeeded by | Jean Rottner |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 22 June 1950 Strasbourg, France |
| Political party | Modern Left |
Earlier in his political career, Bockel served in several government positions, including as State Secretary of Justice (2009–2010), Secretary of State for Defence and Veterans (2008–2009) and Secretary of State for Cooperation and La Francophonie (2007–2008) in the government of Prime Minister François Fillon as well as Minister for Commerce (1984–1986) in the government of Prime Minister Laurent Fabius.
Bockel was a member of the French National Assembly from 1981, when he first stood as a Socialist Party candidate, and later served as a member of the Senate of France from 2004 to 2007 and again from 2010 to 2020.
Early life and career
editBockel (commonly referred to as "JMB" in France) was born in Strasbourg. He is a lawyer.
Political career
editBockel served as mayor of Mulhouse from 1989 to 2010. On the right wing of the Socialist Party, he declared himself to be an admirer and strong supporter of the policies of Tony Blair.[2][3]
In 2006, together with Christian Blanc and Alain Lambert, Bockel launched the Committee for the Modernization of France that sought the "comprehensive and coherent" modernization of the French economy and society.[4]
In August 2007, Bockel for the first time joined a cabinet under President Nicolas Sarkozy,[5] arguing that Sarkozy's UMP was committed to genuine reform while his own party had failed to evolve.[6] He subsequently had to leave the Socialist Party.
In November 2007 Bockel announced the formation of a new centre-left political party, Modern Left (Gauche Moderne), and used this party as a vehicle to campaign in the 2008 municipal elections for a fourth term as mayor.
During his time in the Fillon government, Bockel became an outspoken critic of the Françafrique idea.[7][8] He also criticized the "squandering of public funds" by some African regimes.[9]
In a 2010 cabinet reshuffle, Bockel was replaced by Hubert Falco.[10]
As a member of the Senate from 2004 to 2007 and again from 2010 to 2014, Bockel represented the department of Haut-Rhin and served on the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defense. In this capacity, he notably authored a 2012 report calling on the French government to ban the use of routers and other equipment from Huawei and ZTE in French telecommunications networks.[11]
In addition to his work in the Senate, Bockel served as member of the French delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe from 2012 to 2015. In this capacity, he was a member of the Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy (2012–2015); the Sub-Committee on the Rights of Minorities (2012–2015); and the Sub-Committee on conflict prevention through dialogue and reconciliation (2012–2013).[12] He also participated in the Assembly’s observer mission to the 2014 Tunisian presidential election[13] and later served as the Assembly’s rapporteur on humanitarian consequences of the threats posed by the terrorist group Islamic State.[14]
Ahead of the 2012 presidential elections, Bockel publicly declared his support for Sarkozy as the Republicans' candidate.[15]
In 2022, President Macron appointed Bockel as chair of a commission in charge of "recognition" and "reparations" for the Harkis, the Muslims who served as civilian auxiliaries in the French army during the Algerian War (1954-1962).[16]
In February 2024, President Macron appointed Bockel as his "personal envoy" to Africa.[17]
Governmental functions
editSecretary of State for Prisons and Prison Reform : 2009–2010.
Secretary of State for Defense and Veterans : 2008–2009.
Secretary of State for Cooperation and Francophony : 2007–2008.
Minister of Commerce, Handicrafts and Tourism : February–March 1986.
State Secretary to the Minister of Commerce, Handicrafts and Tourism : 1984–1986.
Electoral mandates
editNational Assembly of France
Member of the National Assembly of France for Haut-Rhin : 1981–1984 (Became secretary of State in 1984) / 1986–1993 / 1997–2002. Elected in 1981, reelected in 1986, 1988, 1997.
Senate of France
Senator of Haut-Rhin : 2004–2007 (Became secretary of State in 2007). Elected in 2004. Reelected in 2008, but he stays minister.
General Council
General councillor of Haut-Rhin : 1982–1989 (Resignation) / 1994–1997 (Resignation). Reelected in 1988, 1994.
Municipal Council
Mayor of Mulhouse : 1989–2010 (Resignation). Reelected in 1995, 2001, 2008.
Municipal councillor of Mulhouse : Since 1989. Reelected in 1995, 2001, 2008.
Agglomeration community Council
President of the Agglomeration community of Mulhouse Sud Alsace : Since 2001. Reelected in 2008.
Member of the Agglomeration community of Mulhouse Sud Alsace : Since 2001. Reelected in 2008.
Other activities
editPersonal life
editPierre-Emmanuel, one of Bockel's five sons, died in a helicopter crash in Mali on 25 November 2019.[21]
References
edit- ^ Elise Vincent and Philippe Ricard (12 February 2024), Jean-Marie Bockel, envoyé spécial d’Emmanuel Macron en Afrique : il faut « faire évoluer les dispositifs militaires dans l’intérêt de tous » Le Monde.
- ^ Roger Cohen (24 August 2005), French Wrestle With Art of Political Illusionists International Herald Tribune.
- ^ Left in the Wilderness Wall Street Journal, 30 August 2005.
- ^ Roger Cohen (24 August 2005), Ensemble, modernisons la France, par Christian Blanc, Jean-Marie Bockel et Alain Lambert Le Monde, 3 July 2006.
- ^ Katrin Bennhold (19 June 2007), After French election stumble, Sarkozy alters his team International Herald Tribune.
- ^ Jon Boyle (9 August 2007), Sarkozy names first woman to run French economy Reuters.
- ^ Adam Nossiter (12 November 2009), Ill Will Grows in a Former Colonial Region The New York Times.
- ^ Nicholas Vinocur (29 September 2011), Time up for shadowy post-colonial Francafrique era Reuters.
- ^ Adam Nossiter (8 June 2009), Omar Bongo, Gabon Leader, Dies at 73 The New York Times.
- ^ Ben Hall (15 November 2010), Centrists attack Sarkozy’s shift to right Financial Times.
- ^ Eric Pfanner (12 October 2012), Chinese Telecom Firm Finds Warmer Welcome in Europe Reuters.
- ^ Jean-Marie Bockel Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
- ^ PACE to observe the presidential election in Tunisia Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, press release of 20 November 2014.
- ^ Humanitarian consequences of the threats posed by the terrorist group Islamic State: rapporteur makes visit to Turkey Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, press release of 12 January 2015.
- ^ Anne Rovan (6 January 2012), Bockel: «J'apporte mon soutien net et clair à Sarkozy» Le Figaro.
- ^ Cyril Hofstein (7 October 2022), Jean-Marie Bockel, la mémoire des harkis en héritage Le Figaro.
- ^ "Jean-Marie Bockel nommé " envoyé personnel " d'Emmanuel Macron en Afrique" (in French). Le Monde. 6 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ^ Advisory Board Orous Capital.
- ^ Team: Jean-Marie Bockel Tilder.
- ^ Baptiste Cogitore (22 March 2017), Mulhouse : Jean-Marie Bockel renonce à la présidence du conseil de surveillance de l'hôpital France 3.
- ^ "Thirteen French soldiers killed in Mali helicopter accident". France 24. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.