Jennie Louise Touissant Welcome (January 10, 1885 – July 22, 1956), born Jennie Louise Van Der Zee and also known as Madame E. Toussaint Welcome, was an African American visual artist who made influential photographs and films with her husband. She is associated with the Harlem Renaissance. Van Der Zee, who referred to herself as "the foremost female artist of the race,"[1] is recognized as being one of the only African American women filmmakers from the silent film industry.[2]
Madame E. Toussaint Welcome | |
|---|---|
| Born | Jane Louise Van Der Zee January 10, 1885 |
| Died | July 22, 1956 New York City, New York, US |
| Spouse | Ernest Touissant Welcome |
She and her husband, Ernest Touissant Welcome, established their own art school, photographic studio, and film production business. They produced films and paintings of African American soldiers of World War I. The film, a 12-part documentary, was titled Doing Their Bit.
Early life
editVan Der Zee was born in Lenox, Massachusetts, to John Van Der Zee and Susan Brister. Before moving to Lenox, Massachusetts, her parents were maid and butler in New York to President Ulysses S. Grant. Jennie attended Lenox High School and took private lessons in art and music in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.[3] Early in the 20th century, she moved to New York with her father and brothers (one of whom, James Van Der Zee, became a photographer).
She married Ernest Touissant Welcome, an inventor and entrepreneur, on January 10, 1910, and they moved into in a brownstone in New York City,[3] where they established the Touissant Conservatory of Art and Music.[3] The first ad for the conservatory appeared in the first issue of the NAACP's journal The Crisis.[4] Van Der Zee stood out during her time because she was the African American owner of a business in Harlem.[3]
Photography and filmmaking
editThe couple made films and pictures that recognized African American contributions to World War I. Under the banner of the Touissant Motion Picture Exchange, they made Doing Their Bit in 1918. Between 1917 and 1918, The Touissant Pictorial Company published A Pictorial History of the Negro in the Great War, a memorial book that featured Jennie's work. It also included pictures from governmental sources and a few uncredited photos.[1] Several libraries have the book.[5]
The Touissant Pictorial Company published one million patriotic postcards of African American soldiers. After the war ended, the War Savings Stamp Committee accepted Van Der Zee's painting, Charge of the Colored Divisions, for use as a poster. Van Der Zee and her husband copyrighted the work in August 1918. No physical copies are known to exist.
Death
editVan Der Zee died in 1956.
References
edit- ^ a b Olin, Margaret (2012). Touching photographs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 101–102. ISBN 978-0226626468.
- ^ Morgan, Kyan; Dixon, Kyna. "African-American Women in the Silent Film Industry". Women Film Pioneers Project. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d Moutoussamy-Ashe, Jeanne (1993). Viewfinders : black women photographers : y Jeanne Moutoussamy-Ashe ([New edition] ed.). New York [etc]: Writers & readers. pp. 29, 30. ISBN 978-0863161599.
- ^ "Massachusetts Historical Society: We Are Doing Our Bit: A 1918 Liberty Loan Poster with an African American Theme". www.masshist.org. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
- ^ A Pictorial history of the Negro in the great World War, 1917-1918. New York: Touissant Pictorial Co. 1919. Retrieved 2024-06-25.