Joan McIntyre (December 19, 1931 – June 22, 2016),[1] also known as Joana McIntyre Varawa, was an American author and anti-whaling activist. A high-ranking member of Friends of the Earth in the early 1970s, she founded Project Jonah in 1974 to give focus on the specific goal of preventing whaling. After several successful and unsuccessful campaigns, she left the organization in 1983 due to excessive conflicts and politicking and later moved to Fiji.
Joan McIntyre | |
|---|---|
 McIntyre c. 1989 | |
| Born | December 19, 1931 Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Died | June 22, 2016 (aged 84) |
| Other names | Joana McIntyre Varawa |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley |
| Occupation(s) | Anthropologist Activist |
| Years active | 1971–1983 |
| Notable work | Mind in the Waters (1974) The Delicate Art of Whale Watching (1982) Changes in Latitude (1989) |
Childhood and education
editMcIntyre stated that she was always interested in social issues during her teenage years, joining political school groups to protest matters like the use of the A-bomb.[2] She graduated from the University of California with a degree in anthropology.[3]
Career
editSpending several years after graduating as both a producer and occasional commenter for the Pacifica Foundation non-commercial radio stations,[3] McIntyre also joined the Friends of the Earth organization and became heavily involved in their campaigns. This included helping lead the national movement in the US to protest fashion designer usage of real fur clothing.[4] During this time period, she was made special projects coordinator for the group, but felt by 1972 that the amount of projects and large scale issues, such as the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System and the SST Concorde, were too numerous to manage.[2] She was later inspired to a different focus by John C. Lilly's book The Mind of the Dolphin and by the news she received while broadcasting ecology programs on the practices of whale hunting that were occurring.[3] Wanting to express her ideas on how to save the whale, she presented them at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and was able to have the chairman change the symbol of the conference to the whale. Her petitions to the United States also resulted in a 10-year moratorium on any commercial whaling in the country.[2]
After attending the 1971 annual meeting of the International Whaling Commission and failing to convince them to advance a similar moratorium in a six to five country vote, she decided to form the organization Project Jonah shortly afterward, leaving Friends of the Earth in order to do so.[2] The early version of the project was largely informational, trying to raise awareness of the impact of whaling and the killing of dolphins and other marine life on large scales around the world. To bolster this awareness, she published the book Mind in the Waters in 1974 that is a collection of different material, including scientific information alongside poetry, mythology, and photographs that discuss the mental capabilities and sentient consciousness of whales and dolphins. By this point, Project Jonah had already expanded to also having a Canadian branch headed by Farley Mowat and McIntyre did a publicity trip there after the book's publication to promote what Canadians can do to help, such as boycotting American yellowfin tuna.[3] She also had the group target the activities of Japan and Russia, who were responsible for about 85% of all annual whale killings worldwide.[5]
By 1983, she had stepped down as president of Project Jonah, having become "fed up" with the politics involved and how much of people's "good intentions usually turn into either stupidity or righteousness". That same year, she published the book The Delicate Art of Whale Watching, which contained her collected musings and observations throughout her life on the nautical events she had participated in.[6]
Personal life
editDuring her early career, McIntyre lived in Bolinas, California,[3] and had a son from her first marriage.[2] When she was in her 50s she married Male Varawa, a Fijian fisherman in his 20s whom she met after moving to Fiji. She told the story of her move and marriage in her 1989 book Changes in Latitude: An Uncommon Anthropology.[7] She died in June 2016.[1]
Books
edit- — (1962). Bodega Bay: The People Vs. the Experts. Sierra Club Books. p. 20.[8][9]
- — (1974). Mind in the Waters: A Book to Celebrate the Consciousness of Whales and Dolphins. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 240. ISBN 9780684139951.[10]
- — (1982). The Delicate Art of Whale Watching. Sierra Club Books. p. 144. ISBN 9780871563231.[11]
- — (1989). Changes in Latitude: An Uncommon Anthropology. Harper Perennial. p. 274. ISBN 9780060973193.[12]
- —; et al. (1998). Intimate Nature: The Bond Between Women and Animals. Fawcett. p. 455.[13]
- — (2009). A Mini Guide to Lanaʻi. p. 44.
- —; Escaño-Vasquez, Eliza; Friedman, Bonnie; Pool, Heidi (2013). Maui 2014: With Molokai and Lanai. Fodor's. p. 344. ISBN 9780770432133.
References
edit- ^ a b "Inscription For A Gravestone". Joana's Lanai. June 26, 2016. Archived from the original on October 5, 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Dunlap, Franklin (June 4, 1973). "Joan McIntyre launched 'whale' of a campaign". Washington C.H. Record-Herald. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e Pennington, Bob (November 7, 1974). "Author leads fight to save whales". The Toronto Star. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Branin, Jeannette (February 5, 1975). "Project Jonah Director is devoted". News-Pilot. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Joan And The Whales". The Pittsburgh Press. December 15, 1974. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Ward-Harris, E.D. (January 8, 1983). "Whale of a book on watching whales". Times Colonist. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Lavin, Cheryl (July 9, 1989). "JOANA MCINTYRE VARAWA". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
- ^ Brower, Kenneth (May 20, 2015). "The Ballad of Bodega Head". Bay Nature. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- ^ Callahan, Mary (May 4, 2018). "Sonoma County event honors women's coastal advocacy". The Press Democrat. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- ^ Reviews for Mind in the Waters:
- Gottlieb, Annie (November 3, 1974). "Mind in The Waters". New York Times. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- Young, J. Z. (July 17, 1975). "Save the Whales!". The New York Review. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- Coan, Eugene V. (Spring 1975). "Mind in the Waters: A Book to Celebrate the Consciousness of Whales and Dolphins, 'Assembled' by McIntyre Joan". Environmental Conservation. 2 (1): 80. doi:10.1017/S0376892900000904. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- deGaris, Lauri (February 5, 2024). "When Whale History is Lost, So is Ours". Fernandina Observer. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- Zelko, Frank (February 22, 2016). "A Whale of a Solution?". The Solutions Journal. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- Lyhne, Bob (December 7, 1974). "Cetacean Power! Another Intelligence". The Peninsula Times Tribune. Retrieved August 31, 2024.
- Barclay, Pat (December 7, 1974). "Finny Facts Like Sci-Fi". Times Colonist. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- King, Wain (November 30, 1974). "Down there: Someone thinking of us". The Ottawa Journal. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Flowers, Charles (May 16, 1976). "Trying To Save The Whales". The San Francisco Examiner. pp. 14, 16. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Reviews for The Delicate Art of Whale Watching:
- Ward-Harris, E.D. (January 8, 1983). "Whale of a book on watching whales". Times Colonist. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Stewart, Ken (December 29, 1982). "Whale Watching as a Healer of Alienation From Nature". Hartford Courant. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Sussman, Vic (January 2, 1983). "Baedekers of beasts". The Stuart News. pp. E1, E2. Retrieved September 1, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Reviews for Changes in Latitude:
- Raksin, Alex (May 28, 1989). "CHANGES IN LATITUDE: An Uncommon Anthropology by Joana McIntyre Varawa". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- "Changes in Latitude: An Uncommon Anthropology". Publishers Weekly. June 1, 1989. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- Corrigan, Patricia (July 30, 1989). "Of Dreams And Reality On A South Sea Island". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Ronck, Ronn (August 24, 1989). "Changed lives on far-away islands". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Drewes, Caroline (July 12, 1989). "A woman's adventure in Fiji". The San Francisco Examiner. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Ross-Flanigan, Nancy (September 16, 1989). "Stirring story of a stranger in paradise". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Harrold, Trudy A. (October 7, 1989). "Author probes own marriage". Edmonton Journal. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Barth, Ilene (June 29, 1989). "Living Out Her Fantasy Among the Fijians". Newsday. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- "Author pens book about marriage to Pacific islander". Enterprise-Record. Associated Press. August 29, 1989. p. 11. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Bradbury, Nicholas (August 26, 1989). "Crossing cultural boundaries: a case of Paradise found". The Toronto Star. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Oldham, Peter (December 14, 1989). "Where love is a slap on the head". Daily Post. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Carter, Nancy Corson (October 8, 1989). "A life reshaped". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Umbach, Judith (February 10, 1990). "Healing comes on tropical isle". Calgary Herald. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- Holt, Patricia (July 30, 1989). "Island Living Proved Huge Challenge to American Writer". The San Francisco Examiner. pp. 1, 11. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Reviews for Intimate Nature:
- Fleming, Deborah (Winter 2000). "Intimate Nature: the Bond Between Women and Animals". Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment. 7 (1): 227–228. doi:10.1093/isle/7.1.227. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- "Intimate Nature: The Bond Between Women and Animals". Publishers Weekly. December 1, 1997. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
- "INTIMATE NATURE: The Bond Between Women and Animals". Kirkus Reviews. December 15, 1997. Retrieved August 30, 2024.