Johann Böhm may refer to:
- Johann Böhm (1895−1952), German Bohemian chemist
- Johann Böhm (historian) (born 1929), Romanian-born German scholar
- Johann Böhm (German politician) (born 1937), former president of the Bavarian Landtag
- Johann Böhm (Austrian politician) (1886–1959), former Austrian Minister of Social Affairs