John Hargreaves (1780 - 1860) was an English carrier and businessman. Hargreaves and his son, also John Hargreaves, were carriers in the north west of England at the time when railways were being built and taking business away from the canals.
John Hargreaves | |
|---|---|
| Born | John Hargreaves 13 January 1780 |
| Died | 10 July 1860 Southport |
| Other names | John Hargreaves senior |
| Occupation | Carrier |
Early life
editJohn Hargreaves was the son of John (1739 - 1796) and Ann Hargreaves (nee Hamer) who had married in 1763.[1] Hargreaves had three siblings, an older brother James, an older sister Elizabeth and a younger brother Hamer.[2]
The family established a carrier business at Hart Common, Westhoughton and Hargreaves's father had expanded it until it had become a substantial enterprise with "wagons to be seen on highways all over the North of England".[3][4]
Hargreaves was only 16, and therefore a minor, when his father died but he was the residuary legatee of his father's estate. His inheritance was therefore held in trust until his coming of age, the trustee was Elizabeth's husband John Pennington.[5]
Hargreaves married Tabitha Duckitt (1781 - 1847) in 1800.[6] There were thirteen children with the eldest John (junior) being born that year. The family were based at Hart Common where the business was also based.[7]
Career
editThe business was primarily packhorse based, using strings of animals who could pick their way over difficult terrain that was often impassable to horse drawn wagons.[8]
After his father's death in 1796 Hargreaves conducted business together with his mother.[9]
The business started to change in 1808 when Hargreaves started to use the Lancaster Canal to transport goods to the North.[10]
By 1818 Hargreaves was transporting goods from New Market St, Bolton "to Preston and all parts of the North; also to Bolton, Manchester, Bury, Rochdale, Leeds and all parts of Yorkshire".[11] Hargreaves also operated from canal warehouse in Preston and advertised similar services including to London.[12]
In 1830 Hargreaves was operating canal boats "from Manchester and Liverpool to Summit, a point on the Manchester and Leeds canal, from which place the communication with the Lancaster canal was made by a rail or tram road of five miles to the town of Preston, from there the route was again by canal to Lancaster and Kendal and thence by stage waggons, Scotch carts, &c., to Penrith, Carlisle, Glasgow, Edinburgh and intermediate towns. Mr. Hargreaves' stage waggons, drawn by four or six powerful horses, and his canal "fly-boats" were institutions of the country".[13]
Father and son worked closely together as they moved into railway operations with John Hargreaves junior taking on the lease to operate the Bolton and Leigh Railway, they jointly took on the lease to operate the Kenyon and Leigh Junction Railway, but as the railways were joined this difference was at best academic as trains from one operated on the other.[14]
They were jointly offered the lease for carrying freight on the Wigan Branch Railway in 1834, but did not initially like the rates being offered and declined. They made a counter offer which was accepted by the North Union Railway which had in the meantime been formed by an amalgamation of the Wigan Branch Railway and the Preston and Wigan Railway.[15][16]
Later life
editHargreaves owned property in Hindley as well as Westhoughton and was qualified to vote in both places.[17]
Hargreaves died at the age of eighty in 1860 leaving nine surviving children, he was buried at All Saints' Chapel, Hindley, where he had been a trustee. [18]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 29.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, pp. 31–32.
- ^ Clarke 1990, p. 156.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 33.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, pp. 37–38.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 121.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 74.
- ^ Hey 1980.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 36.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 40.
- ^ J. Pigot & Co 1818, pp. 79&86.
- ^ J. Pigot & Co 1818, p. 304.
- ^ Pennington 1894, p. 21.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 61.
- ^ Sweeney 2008, p. 13.
- ^ Grant 2017, p. 417.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 75.
- ^ Williams-Ellis 2004, p. 77.
Bibliography
edit- Clarke, Mike (1990), The Leeds & Liverpool Canal: A History and Guide, Carnegie Publishing, ISBN 978-1-85936-013-2
- Grant, Donald J. (31 October 2017), Directory of the Railway Companies of Great Britain, Troubador Publishing Ltd, ISBN 978-1-78803-768-6
- Hey, David (1980), Packmen, carriers and packhorse roads : trade and communications in North Derbyshire and South Yorkshire
- Pennington, Myles (1894), Railways and other ways, Toronto: Williamson
- J. Pigot & Co (1818), The Commercial Directory for 1818-19-20 ...: With a List of the London, Country & Irish Bankers ..., J. Pigot
- Sweeney, Dennis (2008), The Wigan Branch Railway, Triangle Publishing, ISBN 978-0-9550030-35
- Williams-Ellis, Elizabeth (2004), The Carrier's Tale: The Hargreaves Family of Bolton & Westhoughton, C.C.Publishing (Chester), ISBN 0949001236