Joseph Brown Smith (March 14, 1823 – May 6, 1859) was an American music instructor and notable graduate of the Perkins School for the Blind. He was the first blind student to graduate from college in the United States.
Joseph Brown Smith | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | March 14, 1823 Dover, New Hampshire, United States |
| Died | May 6, 1859 (aged 36) |
| Alma mater | Harvard University |
| Occupations |
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| Spouses | Elizabeth Jane Cone
(m. 1846; died 1851)Sarah J. Nash (m. 1853) |
Early life
editJoseph Brown Smith was born on March 14, 1823, in Dover, New Hampshire. An infection within the week of his birth caused him to become blind. His father died when he was three years old, at which time he moved with his mother to Portsmouth, New Hampshire.[1]
Education and career
editIn 1832, Smith enrolled at the Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown, Massachusetts, at age nine. He studied under Samuel Gridley Howe and would become "[h]is most prized student," according to one author.[2] Smith would later travel with Howe on promotional exhibitions throughout the United States, showcasing his mathematical abilities, to help advocate for education for the blind.[2][3]
Smith enrolled in Harvard in 1840 at age seventeen, the first Perkins graduate to do so.[2] Harvard professor John White Webster worked with Howe to help secure funding for Smith's tuition over the next four years.[3]: 67 While at Harvard, Smith was involved with the Institute of 1770, an early iteration of the Harvard Glee Club.[2] In 1844, he graduated, becoming the first blind student to graduate from college in the United States.[4][5]
In 1844, Smith became Professor of Music at what would become the Kentucky School for the Blind. During this time, he also worked at the First Unitarian Church of Louisville as a part-time organist[5] and taught private lessons.[2]
Later life and death
editSmith married Elizabeth Jane Cone on August 9, 1846. They had a son named Joseph Haydn, after the Austrian composer of the same name. Elizabeth died on June 14, 1851. Smith then married Sarah J. Nash on July 26, 1853. They had a son named Bryce Patton.[1]
Smith died in 1859, aged 36, after battling illness.[6]
Published musical works
editIn 1842, two of Smith's short piano compositions, "Harvard Waltz" and "Harvard Quick Step," were published by C. H. Keith.[2]
During his time in Louisville, Smith published seven songs and piano works:
- Araby's Daughter (Louisville: F.W. Ratcliffe, 1852)
- I Have Known Thee in the Sunshine (Louisville: F.W. Ratcliffe, 1851)
- I Know Thou Art Gone to the Home of Thy Rest (Louisville: F.W. Ratcliffe, 1851)
- O'er the Bright Moonlit Sea (Louisville: F.W. Ratcliffe, 1851)
- The Swing (Louisville: G.W. Brainard, 1851)
- The First Beatitude (Louisville: F.W. Ratcliffe, 1851)
- Waltz Scherzando (Louisville: F.W. Ratcliffe, n.d.)[2]
References
edit- ^ a b John Heywood, "Discourse on the Life and Character of Joseph Brown Smith", in The Golden Sunset, ed. Anne Kane (Baltimore, MD: J. W. Bond, 1867), 147–69.
- ^ a b c d e f g Accinno, Michael (2016). Gestures of Inclusion: Blindness, Music, and Pedagogy in Nineteenth-Century Thought (PhD thesis). University of California, Davis. pp. 74–76. ISBN 9781369616880. OCLC 988611398.
- ^ a b Trent, James W. (2012). The Manliest Man: Samuel G. Howe and the Contours of Nineteenth-Century American Reform. Amherst, Mass.: University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 978-1-55849-959-1.
- ^ Collins, Steve (May 26, 2024). "A blind graduate at Bates College in 1889 is a forgotten pioneer". Lewiston Sun Journal. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
- ^ a b Findling, John; Lavery, Jennifer (2005). "A History of the First Unitarian Church of Louisville, Kentucky: 1830–2005" (PDF). First Unitarian Church of Louisville. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
- ^ "Joseph Brown Smith, the first fully blind American college graduate, dies in Louisville, Kentucky". House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College. Retrieved September 9, 2024.