Kamo Aquarium

Kamo Aquarium
Kamo Aquarium
	The aquarium in 2018
	38°45′42″N 139°43′29″E / 38.761667°N 139.724639°E
Date opened	1930 (first); 1956 (second); 1972 (third); 1 June 2014 (current)
Location	Okuba 657-1, Imaizumi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan;
No. of species	140
Annual visitors	92,183 (1997); 716,354 (2014); 497,738 (2018)
Memberships	JAZA
Major exhibits	the Worlds' largest 60 jellyfish species
Website	kamo-kurage.jp

Tsuruoka Municipal Kamo Aquarium (鶴岡市立加茂水族館, Kamo Suizokukan) is an aquarium located in Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. In 2005, it exceeded Monterey Bay Aquarium in California regarding the number of jellyfish display types and holds the Guinness World Records for this exhibition.^[6]

History

Osamu Shimomura

The facility was on the edge of bankruptcy again in the late 90's.^[7]^[8]^[9] Until then, jellyfish exhibits at aquariums were extraordinary, and there was no breeding methods.^[10] In addition, the Kamo does not have enough money.^[11] In such a situation, the director Tatsuo Murakami groped to establish methods for breeding jellies,^[12]^[13] it became the best jellyfish museum in the worlds. The popularity of the Vivarium exploded when Osamu Shimomura received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008, thanks to the studies he led on Aequorea victoria, a jelly that contains a green fluorescent protein, with two American scientists: Martin Chalfie of Columbia University and Roger Tsien of the University of California-San Diego.^[14]^[15] He led his studies in Kamo, since at the time, it was the one of few marine museums displaying it.^[16] Researchers from the world, including the Paris Aquarium Cineaqua in France, come to learn about this breeding and raising.^[17]^[18]

With the light emission of the Aequorea victoria exhibited at the Kamo Aquarium Osamu Shimomura won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. It was also reported that the Green Fluorescent Protein that was the reason for the award was derived from Aequorea victoria. This attracted attention to the museum, which breeds Aequorea victoria, and the number of visitors to the museum increased to 1.5 to 2 times the normal number. [9] The adult jellyfish bred in the museum emit light when they are collected from the natural world, but they do not emit light when the generations are changed by artificial propagation. Upon hearing this, Shimomura called the museum directly on October 24, 2008, and advised that "if you mix coelenterazine with food, it will shine in two weeks." Then, with the introduction of Shimomura, he took over coelenterazine from Katsunori Teranishi, a professor at the Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, and worked on a luminescence experiment.^[19]

Northern elephant seal

A three-year-old 2.5-meter 273-kilogram female northern elephant seal^[20] was found on Sanze beach (38°42′27.4″N 139°39′47.7″E / 38.707611°N 139.663250°E / 38.707611; 139.663250), Tsuruoka on 16 October 2017.^[21]^[22] She was weakened and injured^[23] but recovered after receiving antibiotics at this Aquarium, growing to over 400-kilogram in March 2018.^[24] She was named Naomi after a tennis player, Naomi Osaka by a public vote^[25]^[26] and has been exhibited in a pool at Kamo.^[27]

Exhibits

Gallery

Jellyfish Dream Theater, a 5-meter-diameter kreisel tank, also certified by Guinness as the single largest jellyfish display on earth^[51]

Jellyfish

Kuranetarium Sign (a blendword combining kurage and planetarium)
Medusarium
Shimmering Crystal jelly
Flower hat jelly with fluorescent yellow and pink tentacles
Moon jellyfish
Nomura's jellyfish
Glowing jellyfish
Jellyfish farming, difficult to breed in captivity
Growing baby jellyfish
Educational section with a large lecture hall and a special exhibition section for the growth and development of jellyfish