Killifreth Mine was a mine near Chacewater in Cornwall, England, producing at various periods copper, tin and arsenic. The engine house over Hawke's Shaft is a Grade II listed building; it has the tallest surviving chimney in Cornwall.[1]

Killifreth Mine
The engine house at Hawke's Shaft, viewed from the north
LocationChacewater, Cornwall, England
Coordinates50°15′14.7″N 5°10′49.1″W / 50.254083°N 5.180306°W / 50.254083; -5.180306
OS grid referenceSW 733 442
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameEngine House Killifreth (Hawke's Shaft) at SW 733442
Designated30 May 1967
Reference no.1140971
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameEngine house at approx 50m west of Wheal Bush Farmhouse, Killifreth Mine
Designated3 May 1967
Reference no.1140974
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameEngine house at approx 50m north west of Wheal Bush Farmhouse, Killifreth Mine
Designated30 May 1967
Reference no.1140973
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameEngine house, part of Killifreth Mine, at SW 737442
Designated3 February 1986
Reference no.1328985
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameEngine house and boiler house and workshop ruins at Engine Shaft, part of Killifreth Mine, at SW 736442
Designated3 February 1986
Reference no.1140972
Listed Building – Grade II
Official nameMine chimney, part of Killifreth Mine, at SW 737443
Designated3 February 1986
Reference no.1140926
Killifreth Mine is located in Cornwall
Killifreth Mine
Location of Killifreth Mine in Cornwall

History

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The mine produced copper from shallow workings from 1826 to 1860. Some time before 1856 the mine was joined to the Great County Adit, a branch coming from Wheal Busy. In 1864 it was bought by a new company, and tin was mined; it was deepened to 100 fathoms below the County Adit.[2][3]

The engine house over Hawke's Shaft (named after Edward Hawke Jnr, the purser in 1865) was built in 1892, and housed an 80-inch pumping engine. The bob (the beam of the beam engine) broke in 1897, and the mine was abandoned for a period.[1][4]

It was reopened in 1912, mining for arsenic. A new boiler house contained four boilers; these served an 85-inch pumping engine, a horizontal whim and an air compressor. The chimney was augmented to its present height. The price of arsenic was volatile, and the mine failed after a few years. Although there was an attempt to open the mine in 1927, no further mining took place.[2][3]

Description

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The engine house at Hawke's Shaft is made of granite rubble and killas. It had three storeys; the walls are virtually intact. The thicker bob wall, on the south side, survives up to the wall plate, that supported the beam of the beam engine; above was originally timber framed with weather boarding. The chimney is the tallest surviving in Cornwall.[1]

Another engine house of Killifreth Mine is to the east at Engine Shaft, grid reference SW 736 442: there are ruins of a late 19th-century engine house, attached chimney and boiler house.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Historic England. "Engine house Killifreth (Hawke's Shaft) at SW 733442 (1140971)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Killifreth" Explore Cornwall. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Killifreth Mine, Cornwall" Cornwall Calling. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  4. ^ D. B. Barton. Cornwall's Engine Houses. Tor Mark Press, 3rd edition 1999. Page 23.
  5. ^ Historic England. "Engine house and boiler house and workshop ruins at Engine Shaft, part of Killifreth Mine at SW 736442 (1140972)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 26 November 2020.