Kinalur inscription (1083 AD) is a lost Jain record from Kinalur, around 30 km north-east of Calicut, in north Kerala.[1] The inscription describes the provisions made by Arappan Kunchi, the chieftain of Kurumpurai-nadu, for "Kunavaynallur Vijayaragishwaram Jain Temple".[1]
The old Malayalam record, in Vattezhuthu with some Grantha characters, reveals the original name of Kinalur as Kunavaynallur.[1] It seems that Kunavaynallur was named after Thirukkunavay Shrine, another lost Jain temple near Kodungallur.[2] The inscription was engraved on both sides of a single granite slab in site of the ruined (now lost) Kinalur Jain Temple. The estampage can be found in Government Epigraphist's Office, Mysore.[1]
- The record is dated in "Thiru Kaliya Padara's Consecration/Installation Year 189" (temple era) with Jupiter in Makaram, month of Medam, Wednesday and Avittam star (=1083 AD).[1]
- Arappan Kunchi the Kurumpurai (the chieftain of Kurumpurai-nadu) donated lands to Kunavaynallur (Jain temple/palli) and leased them out to Chathan Arukkadi of Tiruvanchikkalam, and Kuntan Chirunankai and Chathan Chirukanthan (for the below provision).[1]
- Provision is made for Thiruppali Shanthi (routine worship), Kudai (umbrella), Chanthanam, Pallithamam (garland of the deity), Nanda-villakku (permanent temple lamp), Akkiram (Brahmin feeding) and Koothu (temple dance) by Arappan Kunchi the Kurumpurai.[1]
- Manukulai-chekara-nallur (Jain temple/palli) is mentioned.[1]
- Munnutruvar, the Three Hundred (probably the second Hundred of Kurumpurai-nadu), and Muvayiravar (the Three Thousand) are mentioned.[1] Both have to "guarantee regular payment after removing obstacles".[3]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i Narayanan, M. G. S. 2013. 'Index to Chera Inscriptions', in Perumāḷs of Kerala, M. G. S Narayanan, pp. 484–85. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks.
- ^ Narayanan, M. G. S. 2013. 'Index to Chera Inscriptions', in Perumāḷs of Kerala, M. G. S Narayanan, pp. 341. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks.
- ^ Narayanan, M. G. S. 2013. 'Index to Chera Inscriptions', in Perumāḷs of Kerala, M. G. S Narayanan, pp. 252. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks.