King of Egypt (Arabic: ملك مصر, romanized: Malik Miṣr), officially referred to as, King of Egypt, Sovereign of Nubia, Sudan, Kordofan, and Darfur, was the title used by the ruler of Egypt between 1922 and 1951. When the United Kingdom issued the Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence on 28 February 1922, thereby ending its protectorate over Egypt, Egypt's Sultan Fuad I issued a decree on 15 March 1922 whereby he adopted the title of King of Egypt. It has been reported that the title change was due not only to Egypt's newly independent status, but also to Fuad I's desire to be accorded the same title as the newly installed rulers of the newly created kingdoms of Hejaz, Syria and Iraq.[1] The second monarch to be styled King of Egypt was Fuad I's son Farouk I, whose title was changed to King of Egypt and the Sudan in October 1951 following the Wafdist government's unilateral abrogation of the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936.[2] The monarchy was abolished on 18 June 1953 following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the establishment of a republic. The third king, the infant Fuad II of Egypt (Farouk having abdicated following the revolution), went into exile in Italy. The position was replaced by the President of Egypt on June 18 1953.
| Malik of Egypt | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Details | |
| Style | His Majesty |
| First monarch | Fuad I |
| Last monarch | Farouk I |
| Formation | 15 March 1922 Precursor: Sultan of Egypt |
| Abolition | 16 October 1951 Successor: King of Egypt and the Sudan |
| Residence | Abdeen Palace, Cairo, Egypt |
| Appointer | Hereditary |
| Pretender(s) | Farouk I |
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The rulers of ancient Egypt may be described using the title King (a translation of the Egyptian word nsw) or pharaoh (derived from pr ˤ3). The story of Moses in the Quran includes his interaction with the ruler of Egypt, named Pharaoh (Arabic: فرعون, romanized: fir'aun). The earlier story of Joseph in Islam refers to the Egyptian ruler as a king (Arabic: ملك, romanized: malik).[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Rizk, Yunan Labib (10–16 February 2000). "The fallen dynasty". Al-Ahram Weekly (468). ISSN 1110-2977. OCLC 163624446. Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 2 August 2008.
- ^ "Egypt: On the Threshold of Revolution, 1945-52". Country Studies. Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. December 1990. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
- ^ al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (Translated by William Brinner) (1987). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 2: Prophets and Patriarchs. SUNY. pp. 161–163.