The Kristiania Bohemians (Norwegian: Kristiania-bohemen) were a political and cultural movement in the 1880s centered in Kristiania (now Oslo).[1] Hans Jæger was the central figure in the movement,[2] and other prominent members included Christian Krohg, Oda Krohg, Jon Flatabø, Haakon Nyhuus, and Nils Johan Schjander. The Kristiania Bohemians were naturalist artists and belonged to the period of naturalism, but the clear emphasis that they placed on feelings also points towards the next literary period, neo-romanticism. The movement consisted of about twenty men and a few women, and others loosely associated with the movement, such as Arne Garborg.
The Kristiania Bohemians are also known for their nine Bohemian Commandments,[3] which had its origins in an article published in Impressionisten no. 8 in February 1889 and is often attributed to Hans Jæger. However, in the biographical novel Jæger – en rekonstruksjon (Jæger: A Reconstruction), Ketil Bjørnstad writes that the journal's publisher, Johan Collett Michelsen, wrote the piece together with Oda and Christian Krohg as a parody of Jæger, with whom they were in dispute.[4]
See also
edit- Fra Kristiania-Bohêmen, 1885 novel by Hans Jæger, which was confiscated shortly after its publication
References
edit- ^ Store norske leksikon: bohembevegelsen.
- ^ Bischoff, Ulrich. 1988. Munch. Cologne: Taschen, p. 13.
- ^ Bindin, Paul. 2006. With Vine-leaves in His Hair: The Role of the Artist in Ibsen's Plays. Norwich: Norvik Press, p. 104.
- ^ Bjørnstad, Ketil. 2001. Jæger: en rekonstruksjon. Oslo: Aschehoug, p. 550.
Further reading
edit- Hansen, Harry. 1995. Bohemene taler: tekster i utvalg. Oslo: Fjørtoft. ISBN 8277800355.
- Fosli, Halvor. 1994. Kristianiabohemen: byen, miljøet, menneska. Oslo: Norske samlaget. ISBN 8252141617.