L&YR Class 3

The L&YR Class 3 was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway introduced in 1891 with forty being built. George Hughes rebuilt six locomotives with superheaters between 1908 and 1909, they were later designated L&YR Class 4. All passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the grouping in 1923 but were withdrawn by 1930.

L&YR Class 3
No. 1093 in photographic paint
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer John Aspinall Build date 1891-1894 Total produced 40
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-4-0 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Driver dia. 7 ft 3 in (2.210 m) Loco weight 44.8 long tons (45.5 t) Fuel type Coal Boiler pressure 180 psi (1.24 MPa) Cylinders 2 Cylinder size 18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm) Valve gear Joy
Performance figures Tractive effort 14,814 lbf (65.9 kN)
Career Operators L&YR, LMS Power class LMS 2P Withdrawn 1925-1930 Disposition All scrapped

L&YR Class 4
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer George Hughes Rebuild date 1908-1909 Number rebuilt 6
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-4-0 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Driver dia. 7 ft 3 in (2.210 m) Loco weight 48.75 long tons (49.53 t) Fuel type Coal Boiler pressure 180 psi (1.24 MPa) Cylinders 2 Cylinder size 19 in × 26 in (483 mm × 660 mm) or 20 in × 26 in (508 mm × 660 mm) Valve gear Joy or Walschaerts
Performance figures Tractive effort 17,576 lbf (78.2 kN) (19") 18,290 lbf (81.4 kN) (20")
Career Operators L&YR, LMS Power class LMS 3P Withdrawn 1925-1926 Disposition All scrapped

Design

Origins

The design originated with a William Barton Wright's 4-4-0 of 1880 with driving wheels of 6 feet 0 inches (1.83 m) and boiler pressure of 140 psi (0.97 MPa). Aspinall then produced a modified version with 6ft wheels which was the basis for the class 3.

Class 3

John Aspinall succeeded Barton Wright in 1886. He initially order more locomotives of Barton's Wright's 4-4-0 design. but determined a driving wheels of 7 feet 3 inches (2.21 m) and boiler pressure increased to 160 psi (1.10 MPa) should give increased speed for the same tractive effort.

Class 4

Six locomotives were rebuilt with superheaters by George Hughes between 1908 and 1909. They became L&YR Class 4 in the Hughes classification scheme introduced in 1919. All six passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the grouping in 1923.

There were two different versions of the rebuild. One had 19" bore cylinders and Joy valve gear. The other had 20" bore cylinders and Walschaerts valve gear.

Numbering

The L&YR numbered them 1093-1229 and then randomly, using numbers between 318 and 498. The LMS numbered its 34 Class 3 locomotives 10150-10183. The six which had been rebuilt to Class 4 were numbered in a separate series, LMS 10190-10195.

Class 4 numbering

L&YR no.	LMS no.	Cylinders
1112	10190	19"
1110	10191	20"
1104	10192	20"
1098	10193	20"
1105	10194	20"
455	10195	19"

Withdrawal

Withdrawals began in 1925 and the Class 4 superheated locomotives were all withdrawn by 1926. The last members of the type were withdrawn in 1930. None have been preserved.

Bibliography

• Bulleid, H.A.V. (1967). The Aspinall Era. Ian Allan Ltd.
• Casserley, H.C.; Johnston, S.W. (1966). Locomotives at the Grouping, no.3, LMS. Ian Allan.
• Marshall, John (1972). The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 3. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5320-9.