L'Attaque or The Attack is a French board wargame first published by Hermance Edan in 1909 which inspired the creation of later games, such as Stratego. Two players each move 36 ranked game pieces with hidden identities and challenge opposing pieces, the results of which are determined by the rank hierarchy, in order to either capture their opponent's Flag or manipulate the board so their opponent cannot make any further moves.
| Designers | Hermance Edan |
|---|---|
| Publishers | |
| Publication | 1909 |
| Genres | |
| Players | 2 |
| Playing time | 20 minutes |
| Age range | 12+ |
Publication history
editAccording to historian and game collector Thierry Depaulis, on November 26 1908 Frenchwoman Hermance Edan filed a patent for a "jeu de bataille avec pièces mobiles sur damier" (a battle game with mobile pieces on a gameboard) with the French Patent Office, based on a game she had developed in the 1880s.[1][2] The patent (patent #396.795[3]) was released in 1909 and the game began being sold by French game manufacturer Au Jeu Retrouvé in 1910 under the name "L'Attaque".[4] It was sold in France by department store La Samaritaine, and appeared in Britain before World War I.[5] In 1925, English game maker H.P. Gibson and Sons bought the rights to the game and began publishing at least until the 1970s,[6] initially retaining the French name before eventually changing it to "The Attack".
Related and derivative games
editL'Attaque shows similarities to the Chinese game dou shou qi, also known as jungle, in which ranked animals pieces capture lower ranked pieces. Some believe L'Attaque is a later version of jungle,[7] but according to historian R.C. Bell, Jungle was first published in the 20th century and cannot have been a predecessor. The game also shows similarities to Gunjin Shōgi, a 19th century Japanese game which uses pieces akin to Shogi but otherwise plays like L'Attaque.[8]
In 1932, Gibson and Sons published Tri-tactics, which was a combination of three of their previous publications – L'Attaque, Dover Patrol, and Aviation – and consisted of various fighting units engaging in land and water combat to capture their opponent's Naval Base or Headquarters.[6]
Stratego is a nearly identical game to L'Attaque, aside from the use of additional pieces, and historians Fred Horn and Alex de Voogt state that the idea for it was likely derived from or transmitted as a result of L'Attaque.[2] Stratego was first published in the Netherlands in 1946 and later in the United States in 1961, and since has had many alternative versions, themed editions, and spinoffs.
Gameplay
editL'Attaque is played on a 9×10 board with three 2-square lakes in the centre. Both players receive 36 standing rectangular cardboard pieces of various ranks, colour printed with soldiers in contemporary (to 1900) uniforms – not Napoleonic, as in Stratego – of red or blue. Each piece has a military hierarchal value and can only capture pieces with a lower rank than them. Players set up their pieces facing them in the first four rows of their side, such that neither player can see the rank of their opponent's pieces.[9][10]
| Rank | Piece | Count per player | Special properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Commander-in-chief | 1 | Vulnerable only to a Mine or attacking Spy |
| 9 | Brigadier General | 1 | |
| 8 | Colonel | 2 | |
| 7 | Commandant | 2 | |
| 6 | Captain | 4 | |
| 5 | Lieutenant | 4 | |
| 4 | Sergeant | 4 | |
| 3 | Sapper | 4 | Can capture Mines without being removed from the game |
| 2 | Scout | 8 | Can move any distance in a non-diagonal straight line without leaping over pieces or lakes; cannot capture another Scout; an attacking Scout returns to their space after attacking[8]: 236 |
| 1 | Spy | 1 | Can capture the Commander-in-chief |
| Flag | 1 | Immobile; capturing the opponent's Flag wins the game | |
| Mine | 4 | Immobile; any piece (except a Sapper) attacking a Mine is removed from the game |
Players take turns moving one of their pieces a single space vertically or horizontally, although pieces cannot move into a space with a lake or another piece. If two pieces come face-to-face, the player whose turn it is can choose to attack. Both players then reveal their pieces and, unless their ability says otherwise, the one with the lower rank is captured and removed from the board. If the pieces are of equal rank, both are removed.[10]
The game continues until a player captures either their opponent's Flag or all of their moveable pieces.
Reception
editEric Solomon, writing for Issue 24 of Games & Puzzles, described L'Attaque as "an inexpensive and unpretentious game not claiming to be realistic in any sense" and praised it for its fast pace and clarity of the rules.[9]
References
edit- ^ Depaulis, Thierry (September 2001). "The Stratego Message Board (Section 3)". Ed's Stratego Site. Archived from the original on 2005-09-08. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
- ^ a b Horn, Fred; de Voogt, Alex (January 2016). The development and dispersal of l'Attaque games. pp. 43–52 – via Academia.edu.
- ^ The French patent, in French, may be downloaded here: FR 396795 (click on "Original document" tab).
- ^ Lebow, Jess (2010). Lowder, James (ed.). Family Games: The 100 Best. Green Ronin Publishing. p. 309. ISBN 9781934547212 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Lewin, Christopher George (2012). War Games and Their History. UK: Fonthill Media. p. 159. ISBN 978-1-78155-042-7.
- ^ a b "Little Wars". Time Magazine (24): 100–102. 14 December 1942.
- ^ Pearson, Harry (2007). Achtung Schweinehund!. Little, Brown Book Group. pp. 195–196. ISBN 9780316861366 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b Boutin, Michel. L'Attaque, un jeu français issu du Gunjin Shogi (PDF) (in French). pp. 233–266 – via Escale à Jeux.
- ^ a b Solomon, Eric (May 1974). "Games View; L'Attaque". Games & Puzzles (24): 20 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b "L'Attaque, The Great Game of Military Tactics". Victoria and Albert Museum. 2000-03-04. Retrieved 2023-09-07.