Lê Khả Phiêu (27 December 1932[2] – 7 August 2020[3]) was a Vietnamese politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from December 1997 to April 2001.[4] Lê Khả Phiêu served in the Vietnam People's Army during the First and Second Indochina Wars, join in the Cambodian war, and was Head of the General Political Department of the Vietnam People's Army.[5]
Lê Khả Phiêu | |
|---|---|
 Le Kha Phieu in 2011 | |
| General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam | |
| In office 26 December 1997 – 22 April 2001 | |
| Preceded by | Đỗ Mười |
| Succeeded by | Nông Đức Mạnh |
| Secretary of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party | |
| In office 29 December 1997 – 22 April 2001 | |
| Preceded by | Đỗ Mười |
| Succeeded by | Nông Đức Mạnh |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 27 December 1932 Đông Khê commune, Đông Sơn District, French Indochina |
| Died | 7 August 2020 (aged 87) Hanoi, Vietnam |
| Political party | Communist Party of Vietnam |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | 
Vietnam |
| Branch/service |  Vietnam People's Army |
| Years of service | 1950–1997[1] |
| Rank | Colonel General |
| Commands | Chairman of the General Political Department of the Vietnam People's Army Political Commissar of the High Command of the Vietnamese Volunteer Soldiers in Cambodia |
| Battles/wars | Cambodian–Vietnamese War, Vietnam War, First Indochina War |
Lê Khả Phiêu has previously been viewed as a conservative.[6] However, this categorization has been challenged by historian Martin Gainsborough, who notes that Lê Khả Phiêu made some remarkably outspoken comments about problems in the party before the Tenth Party Congress. Lê Khả Phiêu criticized what he called 'illness of partyization' (bệnh đảng hoá), meaning that the Party controls everything.[7] Lê Khả Phiêu was a protégé of his predecessor, Đỗ Mười.[8] He was elevated to the Politburo in the early 1990s.[9]
Early life
editLê Khả Phiêu was born on 27 December 1932 in Thượng Phúc village in Đông Khê District in Thanh Hoa Province. In 1945, he joined the local Viet Minh movement and joined the Indochinese Communist Party on 19 June 1949. [2]
On 1 May 1950 he was sent by the Viet Minh to join the army. He was promoted to second lieutenant, advancing to the position of Company Politician in the 66th Regiment of the 304th Division. From September 1953 to 1958, he held the post of Deputy Political Officer member of the battalion and then 66th Regimental Political Chair.
Death
editLê Khả Phiêu died on 7 August 2020 in Hanoi, after suffering from serious illness, at the age of 88. The cause of death was listed as COVID-19.
A 2-day mourning period for his death was decreed nationwide in Vietnam from 14 to 15 August 2020. He was buried at Mai Dịch Cemetery in Hanoi.
Awards and honors
editSource:[10]
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| Gold Star Order (2007)[11] | ||||
| Military Exploit Order First class |
Military Exploit Order Second class |
Military Exploit Order Third class |
Resistance Order First class |
Resolution for Victory Order Third class |
| Feat Order First class |
Feat Order Second class |
Feat Order Third class |
Medal for the Victory of Liberation First Class |
Medal for the Victory of Liberation Second Class |
| Medal for the Victory of Liberation Third Class |
Liberation Order First Class |
Liberation Order Second Class |
Liberation Order Third Class |
Victory Banner Medal |
| Glorious Fighter Medal First Class |
Glorious Fighter Medal Second Class |
Glorious Fighter Medal Third Class |
Order of José Martí (Cuba)[12] |
Freedom Medal (Laos) |
Other decorations include:
References
edit- ^ "Former Party Chief Lê Khả Phiêu". Ministry of Public Security. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
- ^ a b "Tóm tắt tiểu sử Nguyên Tổng Bí thư Lê Khả Phiêu". BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ ĐẢNG CỘNG SẢN VIỆT NAM. 10 August 2020.
- ^ Nguyên Tổng bí thư Lê Khả Phiêu từ trần, Former General Secretary Le Kha Phieu dead
- ^ Gainsborough 2010, p. 143
- ^ The A to Z of Vietnam Bruce M. Lockhart, William J. Duiker – 2010 p205 Lê Khả Phiêu
- ^ Bolton 1999
- ^ Gainsborough 2010, 137
- ^ Bolton 1999, 177
- ^ Bolton 1999, p. 180
- ^ "Tiễn biệt nguyên Tổng Bí thư Lê Khả Phiêu về nơi an nghỉ cuối cùng". Báo Lao Động. 15 August 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ "Trao tặng các đồng chí nguyên lãnh đạo Đảng và Nhà nước Huân chương Sao Vàng, Huân chương Hồ Chí Minh". qdnd.vn. 25 December 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
- ^ "Party Leader Conferred With Cuba's Highest Distinction". Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the United States. 10 July 1999. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ "Former Party Chief receives 65-year Party membership badge". Voice of Vietnam. 30 September 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- References
- Bolton, Kent (1999): "Domestic Sources of Vietnam's Foreign Policy: Normalizing Relations with the United States". in Thayer, Carlyle A., Amer, Ramses (ed.): Vietnamese Foreign Policy in Transition. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore
- Gainsborough, Martin (2010): Vietnam – Rethinking the State. Zed Books, London & New York
External links
edit- Vietnam Entering the 21st Century, a 2001 collection of his works in PDF format
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