LGBT rights in the Ivory Coast

LGBTQ rights in Ivory Coast
LGBTQ rights in Ivory Coast
	Ivory Coast
Status	Legal; unequal age of consent
Gender identity	No
Military	No
Discrimination protections	No
Family rights
Recognition of relationships	No
Adoption	No

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in the Ivory Coast face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Same-sex sexual activity is legal for both men and women in Ivory Coast, but same-sex couples and households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same legal protections available to opposite-sex couples.

Laws regarding same-sex sexual activity

Consensual same-sex sexual acts between adults in private are legal and have never been criminalized within Ivory Coast,^[1] due in part to Ivory Coast being a former French colony and not inheriting sodomy laws from France, unlike many former British colonies around the world.^[2]

As for public same-sex sexual acts, Article 360 of the Penal Code states this:^[3]^{[Note 1]}

Est puni d'un emprisonnement de trois mois à deux ans et d'une amende de 50 000 à 500 000 francs quiconque commet un outrage public à la pudeur. Si l'outrage public à la pudeur consiste en un acte impudique ou contre nature avec un individu du même sexe l'emprisonnement est de six mois à deux ans et l'amende de 50 000 à 300 000 francs. Les peines peuvent être portées au double si le délit a été commis envers un mineur ou en présence d'un mineur de dix huit ans.

Translation:

Whoever commits a public breach of decency will be punished with imprisonment for three months to two years and a fine of 50,000 to 500,000 francs. If the public breach of decency consists of an act that is indecent or contrary to nature with an individual of the same sex, the term of imprisonment will be from six months to two years and the fine will be from 50,000 to 300,000 francs. The penalties may be doubled if the crime is committed against a minor or in the presence of a minor of 18 years of age.

Furthermore, as per Articles 358 and 359 of the Penal Code, the age of consent is unequal, being set at 18 for homosexual couples and at 15 for heterosexual ones.

Recognition of same-sex relationships

The government of Ivory Coast does not recognize same-sex couples.

Adoption and family planning

According to the U.S. Department of State, "gay and lesbian individuals and couples are not legally recognized as eligible to adopt".^[4]

Discrimination protections

There is no legal protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.

However, in March 2010, while attending the United Nations Human Right Council Universal Periodic Review, the representative of Ivory Coast stated that they would begin, "to take measures to ensure non-discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity", but that they would not start "awareness-raising programs" because it was not a "current priority".^[2]

Living conditions

The U.S. Department of State's 2011 Human Rights Report found that,^[5]

There was no official discrimination based on sexual orientation in employment, housing, statelessness, or access to education or health care. However, societal stigmatization of the LGBT community was reportedly widespread, and the government did not act to counter it during the year. Gay men were reportedly subjected to beatings, imprisonment, verbal abuse, humiliation, and extortion by police, gendarmes, and members of the armed forces. During the year the Force Republiques de Côte d'Ivoire (FRCI) reportedly beat and abused gay men and transgender persons, most of them sex workers. Complaints were not filed for fear of reprisals. The situation of the LGBT community reportedly improved after the postelectoral crisis but remained precarious. The few LGBT organizations in the country operated with caution to avoid being targeted by the FRCI and former Forces de Défense et de Sécurité members. However, newspapers reported favorably on a New Year's Eve party held by a group of lesbians in Abidjan.

Touré Claver, president of the LGBT group Alternative Côte d'Ivoire, recalled in September 2011 that a doctor refused service a few years ago to a patient because of the patient's sexual orientation. Claver and a few members of the group then protested outside the healthcare center where the doctor worked, eventually ending with the patient receiving care. Claver stated that overall, "There is still discrimination against gay people, but generally we are moving toward relative tolerance."^[6]

Summary table

Same-sex sexual activity legal	(Always legal)
Equal age of consent
Anti-discrimination laws in hate speech and violence
Anti-discrimination laws in employment
Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services
Same-sex marriage
Recognition of same-sex couples
Step-child adoption by same-sex couples
Joint adoption by same-sex couples
Gays and lesbians allowed to serve openly in the military
Right to change legal gender
Access to IVF for lesbians
Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples
MSMs allowed to donate blood

Notes

^ The official text of Article 360 in French (Article 360, Section 3 – Outrage Public à la Pudeur, Chapitre Il – Attentat aux Mœurs, Code Pénal): Est puni d'un emprisonnement de trois mois à deux ans et d'une amende de 50 000 à 500 000 francs quiconque commet un outrage public à la pudeur. Si l'outrage public à la pudeur consiste en un acte impudique ou contre nature avec un individu du même sexe l'emprisonnement est de six mois à deux ans et l'amende de 50 000 à 300 000 francs. Les peines peuvent être portées au double si le délit a été commis envers un mineur ou en présence d'un mineur de dix huit ans [sic].

References

^ State Sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults, The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, edited by Lucas Paoli Itaborahy and Jingshu Zhu, May 2013, page 20 Archived 17 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b Paul Canning (11 October 2011). "Is Ivory Coast Truly an Oasis for LGBT People?". Care2. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
^ "Legislation, Côte d'lvoire, Global Resource & Information Directory, Family Online Safety Institute". Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
^ "Intercountry Adoption: Côte d'Ivoire, Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State, July 2012". Archived from the original on 14 December 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
^ "2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Côte d'Ivoire, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, pages 33-34" (PDF).
^ Selay Marius Kouassi (20 September 2011). "Ivory Coast: Abidjan is becoming a gay Eldorado". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. Archived from the original on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2012.

[4] The official text of Article 360 in French (Article 360, Section 3 – Outrage Public à la Pudeur, Chapitre Il – Attentat aux Mœurs, Code Pénal): Est puni d'un emprisonnement de trois mois à deux ans et d'une amende de 50 000 à 500 000 francs quiconque commet un outrage public à la pudeur. Si l'outrage public à la pudeur consiste en un acte impudique ou contre nature avec un individu du même sexe l'emprisonnement est de six mois à deux ans et l'amende de 50 000 à 300 000 francs. Les peines peuvent être portées au double si le délit a été commis envers un mineur ou en présence d'un mineur de dix huit ans [sic].

[1] State Sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults, The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, edited by Lucas Paoli Itaborahy and Jingshu Zhu, May 2013, page 20 Archived 17 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine

[Care-2] Paul Canning (11 October 2011). "Is Ivory Coast Truly an Oasis for LGBT People?". Care2. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2012.

[3] "Legislation, Côte d'lvoire, Global Resource & Information Directory, Family Online Safety Institute". Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2012.

[5] "Intercountry Adoption: Côte d'Ivoire, Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State, July 2012". Archived from the original on 14 December 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.

[6] "2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Côte d'Ivoire, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, pages 33-34" (PDF).

[7] Selay Marius Kouassi (20 September 2011). "Ivory Coast: Abidjan is becoming a gay Eldorado". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. Archived from the original on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2012.

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