LGMN

Legumain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LGMN gene.

LGMN
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4N6N, 4N6O, 4FGU, 4AWB, 4AWA, 4AW9
Identifiers
Aliases	LGMN, AEP, LGMN1, PRSC1, legumain
External IDs	OMIM: 602620; MGI: 1330838; HomoloGene: 38075; GeneCards: LGMN; OMA:LGMN - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human) Band 14q32.12 Start 92,703,807 bp End 92,748,679 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 12 (mouse) Band 12|12 E Start 102,360,343 bp End 102,406,072 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in synovial joint gallbladder synovial membrane right coronary artery left lobe of thyroid gland placenta rectum right lobe of thyroid gland spleen oocyte Top expressed in stroma of bone marrow yolk sac right kidney human kidney neural layer of retina calvaria decidua saccule proximal tubule ankle joint More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function cysteine-type peptidase activity peptidase activity hydrolase activity cysteine-type endopeptidase activity tau protein binding Cellular component late endosome apical part of cell lysosomal lumen lysosome extracellular exosome endolysosome lumen extracellular region cytoplasm perinuclear region of cytoplasm Biological process negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process negative regulation of ERBB signaling pathway renal system process antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II vitamin D metabolic process negative regulation of multicellular organism growth vacuolar protein processing receptor catabolic process proteolysis toll-like receptor signaling pathway proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process response to acidic pH memory positive regulation of cell population proliferation associative learning negative regulation of gene expression cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle cellular response to calcium ion positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis dendritic spine organization activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity self proteolysis positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation cellular response to amyloid-beta positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5641 19141 Ensembl ENSG00000100600 ENSMUSG00000021190 UniProt Q99538 O89017 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001008530 NM_005606 NM_001363696 NM_001363699 NM_011175 NM_001378875 RefSeq (protein) NP_001008530 NP_005597 NP_001350625 NP_001350628 NP_035305 NP_001365804 Location (UCSC) Chr 14: 92.7 – 92.75 Mb Chr 12: 102.36 – 102.41 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a cysteine protease, legumain, that has a strict specificity for hydrolysis of asparaginyl bonds. This enzyme may be involved in the processing of bacterial peptides and endogenous proteins for MHC class II presentation in the lysosomal/endosomal systems. Enzyme activation is triggered by acidic pH and appears to be autocatalytic. Protein expression occurs after monocytes differentiate into dendritic cells. A fully mature, active enzyme is produced following lipopolysaccharide expression in mature dendritic cells. Overexpression of this gene may be associated with the majority of solid tumor types. This gene has a pseudogene on chromosome 13. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but the biological validity of only two has been determined. These two variants encode the same isoform.

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Chen JM, Dando PM, Stevens RA, et al. (1998). "Cloning and expression of mouse legumain, a lysosomal endopeptidase". Biochem. J. 335 (Pt 1): 111–7. doi:10.1042/bj3350111. PMC 1219758. PMID 9742219.
• Halfon S, Patel S, Vega F, et al. (1998). "Autocatalytic activation of human legumain at aspartic acid residues". FEBS Lett. 438 (1–2): 114–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01281-2. PMID 9821970. S2CID 32702742.
• Manoury B, Hewitt EW, Morrice N, et al. (1999). "An asparaginyl endopeptidase processes a microbial antigen for class II MHC presentation". Nature. 396 (6712): 695–9. doi:10.1038/25379. PMID 9872320. S2CID 4352065.
• Chen JM, Rawlings ND, Stevens RA, Barrett AJ (1999). "Identification of the active site of legumain links it to caspases, clostripain and gingipains in a new clan of cysteine endopeptidases". FEBS Lett. 441 (3): 361–5. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01574-9. PMID 9891971. S2CID 46043484.
• Chen JM, Fortunato M, Barrett AJ (2001). "Activation of human prolegumain by cleavage at a C-terminal asparagine residue". Biochem. J. 352 (2): 327–34. doi:10.1042/bj3520327. PMC 1221463. PMID 11085925.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Li DN, Matthews SP, Antoniou AN, et al. (2003). "Multistep autoactivation of asparaginyl endopeptidase in vitro and in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 38980–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.M305930200. PMID 12860980.
• Burster T, Beck A, Tolosa E, et al. (2004). "Cathepsin G, and not the asparagine-specific endoprotease, controls the processing of myelin basic protein in lysosomes from human B lymphocytes". J. Immunol. 172 (9): 5495–503. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.9.5495. PMID 15100291.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Murthy RV, Arbman G, Gao J, et al. (2005). "Legumain expression in relation to clinicopathologic and biological variables in colorectal cancer". Clin. Cancer Res. 11 (6): 2293–9. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-1642. PMID 15788679.
• Oh JH, Yang JO, Hahn Y, et al. (2006). "Transcriptome analysis of human gastric cancer". Mamm. Genome. 16 (12): 942–54. doi:10.1007/s00335-005-0075-2. PMID 16341674. S2CID 69278.