La Hoya is an important archaeological site of the Bronze and Iron Ages in Laguardia, Álava, Basque Country, Spain.[3] The fortified town was inhabited between the 12th and 3rd centuries BCE. It has three levels:[4]

  • Middle-Late Bronze Age: in this early period, the fortifications, as well the houses, were all made of wood.
  • Early-Middle Iron Age: construction became more complex using mixed formulas with stone, wood and adobe. Most houses were near the wall in this period.
  • The Late Iron Age, with a cultural context that some classify as Celtiberian, shows important changes in urbanization: with paved streets and plazas that form a reticular structure. The wall is also rebuilt on stone. This final period also shows great advancement in the technologies: potter's wheel, elaborated blacksmithing, etc.
La Hoya
View of La Hoya
La Hoya, Álava is located in the Basque Country
La Hoya, Álava
Shown within the Basque Country
La Hoya, Álava is located in Spain
La Hoya, Álava
La Hoya, Álava (Spain)
LocationLaguardia, Álava, Basque Country, Spain
Coordinates42°33′54″N 2°35′11″W / 42.565°N 2.5864°W / 42.565; -2.5864
TypeSettlement
Area5.1 ha (13 acres)
History
Founded12th century BCE
Abandonedc. 250 BCE
CulturesCeltiberian
Site notes
Discovered1935[1]
Archaeologists
  • Alejandro Sampedro Martínez
  • Armando Llanos
Official nameRecinto Arqueológico de la Hoya[2]
TypeNon-movable
CriteriaMonument
Designated17 July 1984
Reference no.RI-51-0005133

The successive layers of rubble, that served as cementations for further edification, make up a small tell 3 meters high.[citation needed]

The town was destroyed violently between 350 and 200 BCE, leaving the remains of the people and their everyday items in the streets.[5]

References

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  1. ^ González de Durana, J.M.; Llanos Acebo, H.; Llanos, A.; Ulivarri, V. (1992). "Estudio geofísico preliminar del yacimiento arqueológico de La Hoya, Laguardia (Álava)". Jornadas sobre teledetección y geofísica aplicadas a la arqueología, Madrid 7-10 de mayo de 1986, Mérida 1-3 de octubre de 1987 (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales. pp. 99–104. ISBN 84-7483-802-9.
  2. ^ "Recinto Arqueológico de la Hoya". Consulta a la base de datos de bienes inmuebles (in Spanish). Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  3. ^ Arcediano Salazar, Santiago. "Museo de La Hoya". Auñamendi Encyclopedia (in Spanish). Eusko Ikaskuntza. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  4. ^ "Poblado de la Hoya". Ondarea (in Spanish). Basque Government. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  5. ^ Woodyatt, Amy (30 September 2020). "Archaeologists discover Iron Age massacre, frozen in time". CNN. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
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  •   Media related to La Hoya at Wikimedia Commons