The Landtag of Württemberg-Hohenzollern was the first freely elected Parliament of the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern following the states formation after the second World War inside of the French zone of occupation. The Landtag was the body succeeding the Advisory State Assembly of Württemberg-Hohenzollern, the convention composed of municipal delegates was tasked with drafting a constitution for the state. The first election to the Landtag was held simultaneously with the referendum over the adpotion of the constitution drafted by the Advisory State Assembly on 18 May 1947.[1][2][3]
State Parliament of Württemberg-Hohenzollern Landtag für Württemberg-Hohenzollern | |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Type | of the Landtag |
| History | |
| Founded | May 18, 1947 |
| Disbanded | May 17, 1952 |
| Preceded by | Advisory State Assembly of Württemberg-Hohenzollern |
| Succeeded by | Landtag of Baden-Württemberg |
| Leadership | |
President | |
First Vice-President | Fritz Fleck, SPD |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 60 |
 | |
Political groups | Government (55)
Opposition (5)
|
| Committees |
|
| Meeting place | |
| Bebenhausen Abbey | |
The Landtag first met on 3 June 1947 in Tübingen. It was elected for a term of four years; therefore the next state election should have been in early 1951. However, due to the planned unification of the three German states Württemberg-Hohenzollern, Baden and Württemberg-Baden,[4] the President of Württemberg-Hohenzollern Gebhard Müller extended the term of the Landtag by decree until the three states unified. The consituional amendment required for this decree was approved by voters simultaneously with the referendum over the unification of the three states on 9 December 1951.[5] The amendment to the constitution had become necessary after the Federal Constitutional Court had declared the Erste Neugliederungsgesetz des Bundes, a law of the Bundestag that would have extended the Landtags Term, unconstitutional.[6] The ruling which was rendered by the Second Senate on 9 September 1951 was the first ever ruling of the court.[7][8]
Convening
editPresidium
editAt the Landtags first meeting its Members elected Karl Gengler (CDU) as President of the Landtag and Fritz Fleck (SPD) and Karl Kübler (DVP) as his first and second deputy respectively. After Karl Kübler resigned from the post on 22 June 1948 the members of the Landtag elected Eduard Leuze (DVP) as second deputy of the President of the Landtag instead.[9][10]
Distribution of Seats
editAt the first state election on 18 May 1947 the CDU won an absoultue Majority with a 54,2% share of the vote. The SPD received 20,8%, the DVP 17,7% and the KPD 7,3%. Therefore, the seat distribution was as follows:[11][12][13]
| Party | Seats | Party leader |
|---|---|---|
| CDU | 32 Seats | Franz Gog |
| SPD | 12 Seats | Oskar Kalbfell |
| DVP | 11 Seats | Eduard Leuze |
| KPD | 5 Seats | Wilfried Acker |
| Total | 60 Seats |
Committees
editThe Landtag had five standing committees:[citation needed]
| Committees | Chair |
|---|---|
| Finance Committee | Paul Binder, CDU |
| Social Affairs Committee | Oskar Kalbfell, SPD |
| Food and Agriculture Committee | Bernhard Bauknecht, CDU[14] |
| Petitions and Rules of Procedure Committee | Ferdinand Zeeb, KPD |
| Administrative and Legal Affairs Committee | Eduard Leuze, DVP |
Meeting place
editThe Landtag met in Bebenhausen Abbey,[15] an abbey in the city Tübingen, which was used as the capital of Württemberg-Hohenzollern.[16] All 118 sessions of the state parliament where held in the winter refectory of the abbey, since it was the only heatable room that was large enough. Many other rooms of the former monastery where used by the state: The President of the Landtag worked from the royal breakfast room, the blue hall was used for official events and proceedings while the green hall was used as a lounge for the members of parliament.[3]
References
edit- ^ "Verordnung Nr. 66 des französischen Oberbefehlshabers in Deutschland (1946)". 2016-03-05. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ^ "Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Abt. Staatsarchiv Sigmaringen - Findbuch Wü 1 T 1: Landtag für Württemberg-Hohenzollern - Einführung". www2.landesarchiv-bw.de. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ^ a b c "Der Landtag von Württemberg-Hohenzollern: Staatliche Schlösser und Gärten Baden-Württemberg". www.kloster-bebenhausen.de (in German). Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ^ "Ulrich Hägele eröffnet im Schönbuch-Museum Dettenhausen die Ausstellung "Landtag Württemberg-Hohenzollern in Bebenhausen 1946-1952" mit Bildern des Reutlinger Pressefotografen Carl Näher | Universität Tübingen". uni-tuebingen.de. Retrieved 2023-06-13.
- ^ "Kloster Bebenhausen". www.demokratie-geschichte.de. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ^ "Erstes Neugliederungsgesetz (Baden-Württemberg 1951)". 2016-03-04. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2023-05-01.
- ^ "Bundesverfassungsgericht - History of the Federal Constitutional Court". www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ^ "Entstehung des Südweststaats". Baden-Württemberg.de (in German). Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ^ "Werksansicht". digital.wlb-stuttgart.de. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ^ "Landtag Württemberg-Hohenzollern (1946-1952)". www.wlb-stuttgart.de. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
- ^ Weik, Josef (1978). MdL, die Abgeordneten der Landtage in Baden-Württemberg, 1946-1978 : biograph. Gesamtverz. d. Abgeordneten d. Länder Baden, Württemberg-Baden, Württemberg-Hohenzollern 1946-1952, Baden-Württemberg 1952-1978. Baden-Württemberg. Landtag. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta [in Komm.] ISBN 3-12-911930-2. OCLC 6489563.
- ^ tagesschau.de. "tagesschau.de". www.tagesschau.de (in German). Retrieved 2023-05-03.
- ^ "Landtagswahlen Baden-Württemberg - Vorläuferländer". www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ^ "Deutscher Bundestag: Web-Archiv". webarchiv.bundestag.de. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
- ^ Aktuell, S. W. R. (2022-04-25). "Warum alles im Kloster Bebenhausen begann". swr.online (in German). Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ^ "Landtag Baden Württemberg - Haus des Landtags". www.landtag-bw.de. Retrieved 2023-06-02.