Latrophilin 1

Latrophilin 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADGRL1 gene. It is a member of the adhesion-GPCR family of receptors. Family members are characterized by an extended extracellular region with a variable number of protein domains coupled to a TM7 domain via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.

ADGRL1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2JX9, 2JXA
Identifiers
Aliases	ADGRL1, CIRL1, CL1, LEC2, LPHN1, adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L1
External IDs	OMIM: 616416; MGI: 1929461; HomoloGene: 8951; GeneCards: ADGRL1; OMA:ADGRL1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human) Band 19p13.12 Start 14,147,743 bp End 14,206,187 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 8 (mouse) Band 8|8 C2 Start 83,900,105 bp End 83,941,954 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right hemisphere of cerebellum superior frontal gyrus primary visual cortex right frontal lobe prefrontal cortex dorsolateral prefrontal cortex anterior cingulate cortex Brodmann area 9 hippocampus proper temporal lobe Top expressed in CA3 field primary visual cortex entorhinal cortex perirhinal cortex superior frontal gyrus dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell prefrontal cortex nucleus accumbens primary motor cortex cerebellar cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity protein binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity cell adhesion molecule binding carbohydrate binding latrotoxin receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane cell projection membrane growth cone plasma membrane synapse cell junction axon neuron projection presynaptic membrane intracellular anatomical structure integral component of plasma membrane postsynaptic density Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor signaling pathway calcium-mediated signaling using intracellular calcium source signal transduction positive regulation of synapse assembly heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules positive regulation of synapse maturation adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 22859 330814 Ensembl ENSG00000072071 ENSG00000288324 ENSMUSG00000013033 UniProt O94910 Q80TR1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001008701 NM_014921 NM_181039 RefSeq (protein) NP_001008701 NP_055736 NP_851382 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 14.15 – 14.21 Mb Chr 8: 83.9 – 83.94 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Latrophilins may function in both cell adhesion and signal transduction. In experiments with non-human species, endogenous proteolytic cleavage within a cysteine-rich GPS (G-protein-coupled-receptor proteolysis site) domain resulted in two subunits (a large extracellular N-terminal cell adhesion subunit and a subunit with substantial similarity to the secretin/calcitonin family of GPCRs) being non-covalently bound at the cell membrane. Latrophilin-1 has been shown to recruit the neurotoxin from black widow spider venom, alpha-latrotoxin, to the synapse plasma membrane. Latrophilin-1 also binds glucose and possibly other carbohydrates because of its lectin domain. It may be involved in mediating glucose and energy balance as shown recently..

See also

• Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors

Further reading

• Südhof TC (2001). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 24: 933–962. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933. PMID 11520923.
• Ushkaryov YA, Volynski KE, Ashton AC (April 2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon. 43 (5): 527–542. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
• Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, et al. (December 1998). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Research. 5 (6): 355–364. doi:10.1093/dnares/5.6.355. PMID 10048485.
• Kreienkamp HJ, Zitzer H, Gundelfinger ED, Richter D, Bockers TM (October 2000). "The calcium-independent receptor for alpha-latrotoxin from human and rodent brains interacts with members of the ProSAP/SSTRIP/Shank family of multidomain proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (42): 32387–32390. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000490200. PMID 10964907.
• Brill LM, Salomon AR, Ficarro SB, Mukherji M, Stettler-Gill M, Peters EC (May 2004). "Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry". Analytical Chemistry. 76 (10): 2763–2772. doi:10.1021/ac035352d. PMID 15144186.
• Bjarnadóttir TK, Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ, Gloriam DE, Lagerström MC, Schiöth HB (July 2004). "The human and mouse repertoire of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 84 (1): 23–33. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.004. PMID 15203201.

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Mouse Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L1

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.