The League of Women Voters of Japan (Nihon Fujin Yūkensha Dōmei) was a Japanese NGO advocating equal rights for women. It was established by Senator Fusae Ichikawa and other feminists in 1945, when Japanese women obtained the right to vote, inspired by the American League of Women Voters. It has 51 branches throughout Japan, and is affiliated with the International Alliance of Women.[1] The headquarters of the league are in Tokyo.[2]
History
editThe New Japan Women's League (NJWL) was established on November 3, 1946[3] in order to improve women's legal status in Japan,[4] and inform Japanese women about democracy and citizenship.[5] Fusae Ichikawa served as the first president.[6] In May 1948, the League of Women Voters sponsored a joint gathering of women's groups "in the cause of preserving peace."[7]
Eventually the NJWL merged with the Japanese League of Women Voters in 1950.[8]
After WWII, the League had trouble recruiting new members, and most members were housewives.[9] The league has remained relatively conservative over time and has continued to have difficulty attracting new and young members.[1] By 1983, there were about 5,000 active members.[2]
By 2014, there were only about 2,000 active members. In April 2016, the League of Women Voters of Japan has been dissolved due to continuing decrease and aging of members.[10]
Notable members
editReferences
editCitations
edit- ^ a b "State of Women in Urban Local Government Japan" (PDF). United Nations ESCAP. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2004. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
- ^ a b c "Still a Long Way to Go". The Argus-Press. 9 August 1983. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
- ^ Mackie, Vera (2003). Feminism in Modern Japan: Citizenship, Embodiment and Sexuality. Cambridge University Press. p. 122. ISBN 0521820189.
- ^ Hunter, Janet (1984). Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History. University of California Press. pp. 64–65. ISBN 0520043901.
- ^ Shigematsu, Setsu (2012). Scream From the Shadows: The Women's Liberation Movement in Japan. University of Minnesota Press. p. 8. ISBN 9780816667581.
- ^ Lublin 2013, p. 135.
- ^ Yamamoto 2004, p. 138.
- ^ Gelb, Joyce; Palley, Marian Lief (1994). Women of Japan and Korea: Continuity and Change. Temple University Press. p. 151. ISBN 1566392233.
- ^ Yamamoto 2004, p. 170.
- ^ Encyclopedia Nipponica. "What's Nihon Fujin Yūkensha Dōmei". kotobank (in Japanese). Retrieved 2018-12-13.
Sources
edit- Lublin, Elizabeth Dorn (2013). "Ichikawa Fusae (1893-1981)". In Perez, Louis G. (ed.). Japan at War: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598847420.
- Yamamoto, Mari (2004). Grassroots Pacifism in Post-war Japan: The Rebirth of a Nation. RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0203421000.