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Leon Sapieha (18 September 1803–1 September 1878), sometimes written as Leon Sapiega,[1] was a Galician noble (szlachcic) and statesman.
Leon Sapieha | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Sapieha by Henryk Rodakowski, 1878 | |
| Coat of arms | Lis |
| Born | 18 September 1803 Warsaw, South Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia |
| Died | 1 September 1878 (aged 74) Krasiczyn, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary |
| Noble family | Sapieha |
| Spouse(s) | Jadwiga Klementyna Zamoyska |
| Issue | Princess Cecylia Celestyna Sapieha Prince Adam Stanislaw Sapieha Princess Jadwiga Sapieha Princess Maria Zofia Sapieha Wlodzimierz Sapieha Princess Zofia Sapieha Prince Leon Sapieha Princess Teresa Sapieha Wladyslaw Sapieha |
| Father | Aleksander Antoni Sapieha |
| Mother | Anna Zamoyska |
Biography
editLeon was born and educated in Warsaw, and studied law and economics in Paris and Edinburgh from 1820 to 1824. He began to work in the administration in the Polish (Congress) Kingdom. After the outbreak of the November Uprising in 1830, he left Russian Empire and took part in diplomatic missions of the Polish National Government in France and Great Britain. After that, he returned and participated in the Uprising in the rank of an Artillery Captain, among others in the defence of Warsaw on 6 and 7 September. He was awarded for that the Virtuti Militari Order. After the collapse of the Uprising he settled in Galicia, then part of the Austrian Empire. In 1835 Russian authorities confiscated his estates in Congress Poland as punishment for his participation in the failed Uprising. Leon Sapieha was one of the leaders of the Ruthenian sobor.[2]
He was a member of "National movement" circles and held contacts with the "Hotel Lambert". He became a member of the National Sejm (Diet of Galicia) in the Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia, member of the Austrian Council of the State and member of the imperial Herrenhaus in 1861. In 1863 he didn't participate in the January Uprising in Russian-occupied Poland, but contributed towards it financially. From 1861 until 1875 he served as Sejm Marshal. In 1875, he retired from political life.
During his career he devoted much energy to agitating for the development of railways in Galicia, believing this to be central to the development of the region and the lives of its mostly Polish inhabitants. In 1858 after years of struggling to secure support in Vienna for his plans he was able to initiate the construction of the Carl Ludwig railway line connecting the railhead at Kraków with Lviv and Brody and linking Galicia with the rest of Europe.[3]
Legacy
edit
In 1869, the city of Stanislau (now Ivano-Frankivsk) named its street after him, ulica Sapiezinskego (now Independence Street), which carried its name until the start of World War II.
Bibliography
edit- Sapieha Leon, Wspomnienia z lat 1803–1863, Lwów 1914.
References
edit- ^ Diemantaitė, Vita (2020). "Activities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania chancellery under the management of Leon Sapieha (1585–1623)". Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos. 45. Lithuania: Vilnius University: 47–60. doi:10.15388/LIS.2020.45.5. S2CID 225564100. Retrieved 1 September 2020 – via Directory of Open Access Journals.
- ^ Ruthenian Congress in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 3 (1993)
- ^ Ralf Roth, Günter Dinhobl. 'Across the borders: Financing the world's railways in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.' Ashgate, 2008. p.53
| Predecessor Władysław Ostrowski (as Sejm Marshal of the Estates)[a] |
|
Sejm Marshal of the Diet of Galicia 1861–1875 |
|
Successor Alfred Józef Potocki |
Notes
edit- ^ Diet of Galicia was preceded by the Sejm of the Estates