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Leopold Popper-Podhragy (born 17 September 1886 in Vienna; died 17 January 1986 there) was an Austrian private banker and art collector who was looted by the Nazis.
Life
editLeopold was born as the first son of the Jewish timber industrialist Alexander Freiherr Popper von Podhragy and his French wife and opera singer Blanche Marchesi in Vienna and was probably named Leopold in memory of his grandfather Leopold Freiherr Popper von Podhragy.
In 1919 he married the opera diva Maria Jeritza.
In 1924 he and his wife Maria Jeritza bought the run-down Hatzlhof in Unternberg in St. Corona am Wechsel and had a Maierhof built and the Unternberg Castle built from 1924 to 1926.[1] They had a significant art collection.[2] It included works by Waldmüller, such as Gebirgslandschaft mit Haus[3]
Nazi Persecution
edit
When Austria was annexed to Hitler's Germany, Leopold Popper-Podhragy was classified as a so-called "half-Jew" and arrested several times by the Gestapo.[4] According to the study by Sophie Lillie "Was einmal war - Handbuch der entteigneten Kunstsammlungens Wien ", the assets of Leopold Popper-Podhragy were confiscated as enemy property within the framework of a Nazi guardianship procedure.[5]
On 15 July 1939 he managed to escape to London via Paris. He was sentenced to death in absentia and most of his property was Aryanized, that is transferred to non-Jews.
Leopold Popper had two brothers, Ernst (12 March 1891 - January 1978) and Fritz.[6] Ernst was deported to the Dachau concentration camp,[7] and after his release he fled to the USA. Fritz survived, but his apartment was taken. Together the three brothers owned almost half of Schafberg. During the Nazi era, the plots of land were placed under "absent guardianship" or administered by "disposition agents" and the city acquired the properties on extremely favorable terms.[8]
Postwar
editIn 1951, Leopold Popper-Podhragy returned to Austria from exile in England. Only a small part of his former fortune was returned to him.[9] He married Maria Bachner from Neunkirchen a second time.
In 1983, the 96-year-old baron sold Unterberg Castle[10] and all of his property in St. Corona am Wechsel and only lived in Vienna.
Awards
edit- 1928 Ehrenbürger von St. Corona am Wechsel
References
edit- ^ Rehberger, Mag Cornelia (2018-10-11). "Baron Popper-Podhragy als Gönner für St. Corona". Bote aus der Buckligen Welt (in German). Retrieved 2021-05-13.
- ^ "Leopold Museum-Privatstiftung: Dossier Leopold Popper" (PDF).
- ^ "KVDB - Startseite - Gebirgslandschaft mit Haus". kunstverwaltung.bund.de. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
- ^ Rehberger, Mag Cornelia (2018-10-11). "Baron Popper-Podhragy als Gönner für St. Corona". Bote aus der Buckligen Welt (in German). Retrieved 2021-10-12.
- ^ "KVDB - Startseite - Gebirgslandschaft mit Haus". kunstverwaltung.bund.de. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
- ^ "Ernst Popper von Podhragy". geni_family_tree. 12 March 1891. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
- ^ "Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database -- Ernst POPPER". www.ushmm.org. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
- ^ ""Unglückliche Umstände"". DER STANDARD (in Austrian German). Archived from the original on October 12, 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-12.
Zweimal wurde Popper von der Gestapo verhaftet und verhört. Doch ihm gelang die Flucht: Am 15. Juli 1939 reiste er mit einer Rückfahrkarte, um nicht aufzufallen, nach Paris. Und weiter nach London. Leopold Popper hatte zwei Brüder. Ihnen erging es kaum anders: Ernst kam ins KZ Dachau, nach seiner Freilassung floh er in die USA. Fritz überlebte, aber er verlor seine Wohnung, die er nach 1945 nicht zurückbekam, weil in ihr ein Universitätsinstitut eingerichtet worden war.
- ^ "A portrait, person by person, item by item, of a society wiped out". www.theartnewspaper.com. July 2004. Archived from the original on 2021-03-27. Retrieved 2021-05-13.
- ^ Die Kunstdenkmäler Österreichs. Dehio Niederösterreich südlich der Donau 2003. St. Corona am Wechsel, Schloss Unternberg. Unternberg Nr. 49. S. 1912.