Leuconotopicus is a genus of woodpeckers in the family Picidae native to North and South America.
| Leuconotopicus | |
|---|---|
| |
| White-headed woodpecker (Leuconotopicus albolarvatus) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Tribe: | Melanerpini |
| Genus: | Leuconotopicus Malherbe, 1845 |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Taxonomy
editThe genus was erected by the French ornithologist Alfred Malherbe in 1845 with Strickland's woodpecker (Leuconotopicus stricklandi) as the type species.[1] The name Leuconotopicus combines the Ancient Greek leukos meaning "white", nōton meaning "back" and pikos meaning "woodpecker".[2] The genus is sister to the genus Veniliornis and is one of eight genera placed in the tribe Melanerpini within the woodpecker subfamily Picinae.[3] The species now placed in this genus were previously assigned to Picoides.[4][5]
The genus contains the following six species:[5]
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red-cockaded woodpecker
|
Leuconotopicus borealis (Vieillot, 1809) |
southeastern United States from Florida to Virginia, as far west as eastern Texas and Oklahoma; formerly Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, New Jersey, and Tennessee
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
NT
|
| Smoky-brown woodpecker
|
Leuconotopicus fumigatus (D'Orbigny, 1840) Five subspecies
|
Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Arizona woodpecker
|
Leuconotopicus arizonae (Hargitt, 1886) |
southern Arizona and New Mexico and the Sierra Madre Occidental of western Mexico
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Strickland's woodpecker
|
Leuconotopicus stricklandi (Malherbe, 1845) |
Mexico
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Hairy woodpecker
|
Leuconotopicus villosus (Linnaeus, 1766) Seventeen subspecies
|
Bahamas, Canada, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and the United States; vagrant to Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| White-headed woodpecker
|
Leuconotopicus albolarvatus (Cassin, 1850) Two subspecies
|
British Columbia through southern California
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
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References
edit- ^ Malherbe, Alfred (1845). "Description de trois espèces nouvelles du genre Picus, Linné". Revue Zoologique par la Société Cuvierienne (in French and Latin). 8: 373.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Shakya, S.B.; Fuchs, J.; Pons, J.-M.; Sheldon, F.H. (2017). "Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 116: 182–191. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.005. PMID 28890006.
- ^ Fuchs, J.; Pons, J.M. (2015). "A new classification of the pied woodpeckers assemblage (Dendropicini, Picidae) based on a comprehensive multi-locus phylogeny". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 88: 28–37. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.016. PMID 25818851.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Woodpeckers". World Bird List Version 6.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
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