Liberals for Life was an anti-abortion advocacy group that worked within the Liberal Party of Canada during the 1980s and early 1990s. Some of its members were also affiliated with the Campaign Life Coalition and, as such, the group was often accused of entryism.
| Dissolved | 1993 |
|---|---|
| Type | Advocacy organization |
| Purpose | Anti-abortion advocacy in the Liberal Party of Canada |
Region | Canada |
National co-ordinator | Dan McCash[1] |
According to its members, Liberals for Life was created after the national victory of Brian Mulroney's Progressive Conservative Party in the 1984 federal election. The organization attracted little attention until the early 1990s, when it endorsed Tom Wappel in his bid for the party leadership, and gained control of several riding associations.[citation needed] Wappel, the Member of Parliament for Scarborough West, had won his party's nomination in 1988 with the support of Liberals for Life and the Campaign Life Coalition, beating Patrick Johnson, a former advisor to Ontario Premier David Peterson and the co-chair of the party's platform committee who had the support of Leader John Turner.[a][3][4]
The Liberal Party's constitution was amended to allow the leader to appoint candidates in certain ridings in 1992. The party's leader Jean Chrétien defended the change as necessary to prevent "single-issue groups" from taking over the Liberal Party. It was generally understood that Liberals for Life was the primary target of this remark[3] as candidates endorsed by Liberals for Life would ultimately seek nominations in approximately twenty per cent of ridings.[5] Chrétien appointed future MPs Jean Augustine (Etobicoke—Lakeshore), Maria Minna (Beaches—Woodbine), and Georgette Sheridan (Saskatoon—Humboldt) as candidates to block the election of anti-abortion candidates in the 1993 federal election.[6] R. Kenneth Carty, William Cross, and Lisa Young argue that Chrétien's actions "did not reflect a deep commitment to reproductive freedom on the part of the Liberal party; rather, it was motivated by the party's need to retain its ability not to take a stand on this potentially divisive issue."[7] Despite Chrétien's actions, anti-abortion candidates Dan McTeague, Paul Szabo, and Paul Zed were successful in being elected under the Liberal Party banner in 1993.[8]
Eddie Goldenberg, then Chrétien's chief[citation needed] policy adviser, argues that the measures Chrétien took ahead of the 1993 election ended Liberals for Life "pretty quickly".[9] The movement effectively dissolved in 1993 after the Liberal Party formed government.
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Lawrence Hanson found that nearly three-quarters of the delegates supporting Wappel at the 1990 leadership convention "received assistance in becoming a delegate from pro-life advocates."[2]
References
editFootnotes
edit- ^ Cross 2000, p. 12; Eagles et al. 1995, p. 396.
- ^ Young 2000, p. 220.
- ^ a b Walker, William (10 November 1992). "Caucus Irked by Democracy, Liberal-Style". Toronto Star. p. A12.
- ^ Koene 1998, p. 62.
- ^ Halfmann 2011, p. 141.
- ^ Koene 1998, p. 66; O'Brien 1993, pp. 125, 127, 175.
- ^ Carty, Cross & Young 2000, p. 94.
- ^ Rayside, Sabin & Thomas 2017, p. 78.
- ^ Bryden, Joan; Levitz, Stephanie (10 March 2021). "Conservative Tension with Anti-Abortion Groups an Echo of Liberal Battle in the 1990s". National Post. Toronto. Canadian Press. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
Bibliography
edit- Carty, R. Kenneth; Cross, William; Young, Lisa (2000). Rebuilding Canadian Party Politics. Vancouver: UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-5080-3. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
- Cross, Bill (2000). "Members of Parliament, Voters and Democracy in the Canadian House of Commons" (PDF). Parliamentary Perspectives. Canadian Study of Parliament Group. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- Eagles, Munroe; Bickerton, James P.; Gagnon, Alain-G.; Smith, Patrick J. (1995). The Almanac of Canadian Politics (2nd ed.). Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-541140-9. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
- Halfmann, Drew (2011). Doctors and Demonstrators: How Political Institutions Shape Abortion Law in the United States, Britain, and Canada. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-31344-3.
- Koene, Miriam (1998). "Targeted Representation? An Analysis of the Appointment of Liberal Candidates in the 1993 and 1997 Federal Elections". Past Imperfect. 7: 55–86. doi:10.21971/P7B59J. ISSN 1718-4487.
- O'Brien, Michael S. (1993). A Comparative and Historical Analysis of Candidate Selection Practices in the Liberal Party of Canada (MA thesis). Halifax, Nova Scotia: Dalhousie University. hdl:10222/80291.
- Rayside, David; Sabin, Jerald; Thomas, Paul E. J. (2017). Religion and Canadian Party Politics. Vancouver: UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-3561-9.
- Young, Lisa (2000). Feminists and Party Politics. Vancouver: UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-5070-4. Retrieved 1 July 2021.