African American hotels, motels, and boarding houses were founded during segregation in the United States, offering separate lodging and boarding facilities for African Americans. The Green Book (1936–1966) was a guidebook for African American travelers and included hotel, motel, and boarding house listings where they could stay.[1]
Alabama
edit- A.G. Gaston Motel in Birmingham, Alabama[2]
- Dunbar Hotel in Birmingham, Alabama; in the Fourth Avenue Business District[3]
- Hotel Ben Moore in Montgomery, Alabama[4][5]
- Holiday Inn in Tuskegee, Alabama
California
edit- American Hotel in Los Angeles, California[6][7]
- Booker T. Washington Hotel (formerly Hotel Edison) in San Francisco, California[8]
- Buford Hotel in Western Addition, San Francisco, California[8]
- California Hotel in Oakland, California
- Douglas Hotel in San Diego, California[9]
- Dunbar Hotel in Los Angeles, California
- Powell Hotel in the Financial District, San Francisco, California[8]
- Pullman Hotel at 236 Townsend Street in SoMA, San Francisco, California[10]
- Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women in San Francisco, California; in the Lower Pacific Heights
- Scaggs Hotel in Western Addition, San Francisco, California[8]
Colorado
edit- Rossonian Hotel in Denver, Colorado
- Winks Panorama near Pinecliffe, Colorado
Florida
edit- Dunbar Hotel in Gainesville, Florida
- Georgette's Tea Room House in Miami, Florida
- Colson Hotel in Sarasota, Florida[11]
- Mary Elizabeth Hotel in Overtown, Miami, Florida; owned by William B. Sawyer[12]
- Hampton House in Miami, Florida
- Jackson Rooming House in Tampa, Florida
- Rogers Hotel in Central Avenue in Tampa[13]
- Lewis Colson's Colson Hotel at 1428 Eighth Street in Overtown, Sarasota, Florida[14][15]
- LaFrance Hotel in Delray Beach, Florida
- Ward Rooming House in Overtown, Miami, Florida
Illinois
edit- DuSable Hotel in Chicago, Illinois;[16] likely named for Jean Baptiste Point du Sable
- Pershing Hotel in Chicago, Illinois[17]
Kentucky
edit- Hotel Metropolitan in Paducah, Kentucky
- Hotel Southern Queen in Bowling Green, Kentucky
Michigan
edit- Gotham Hotel (Detroit, Michigan) in Detroit, Michigan[18]
Mississippi
edit- E. F. Young Hotel in Meridian, Mississippi[19] owned by E. F. Young Jr.
- Queen City Hotel (Mississippi) in Columbus, Mississippi[20][21]
- Riverside Hotel in Clarksdale, Mississippi
- Summers Hotel and Subway Lounge in Jackson, Mississippi
Missouri
edit- Douglas Hotel in St. Louis, Missouri[22]
- Streets Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri
New York
edit- Marshall Hotel (New York City) in New York City, New York[23]
- Hotel Theresa in Harlem, New York City, New York
North Carolina
edit- Greensbook Hotel in Greensboro, North Carolina[24]
- Magnolia House in Greensboro, North Carolina[25]
- Rhone Hotel in New Bern, North Carolina[26]
Ohio
edit- Edgemont Inn in Cincinnati, Ohio[27]
- Manse Hotel in Cincinnati, Ohio
- Majestic Hotel (Cleveland, Ohio) in Cleveland, Ohio[28][29][30]
- Collingwood Motel in Toledo, Ohio[31]
Oklahoma
edit- Gurley Hotel in Tulsa, Oklahoma; owned by Ottawa W. Gurley[32]
- Stradford Hotel in Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Littlepage Hotel in Deep Deuce, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
South Carolina
edit
- Ebony Guest House, Florence, South Carolina[33]
- Pine Tree Hotel in Mosquito Beach, South Carolina[34]
- James Hotel (or St. James Hotel), in Charleston, South Carolina
Tennessee
edit- Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee
- Mitchell Hotel in Memphis, Tennessee
Virginia
edit- Hotel Dumas in Roanoke, Virginia[35]
- Eggleston Hotel in Jackson Ward, Richmond, Virginia
Washington, D.C.
edit- Wormley Hotel in Washington, D.C.
- Shakespeare House in Washington, D.C.[23] (Grace Nail Johnson was part of the family)
Wisconsin
edit- Dietz home, or Casablanca Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin[36]
Other areas
edit- Phyllis Wheatley House in Minneapolis, Minnesota;[37] named for Phillis Wheatley
- Golden West Hotel in Portland, Oregon[38]
- Douglass Hotel in Macon, Georgia
- Hotel Lincoln in Baton Rouge, Louisiana[39]
- Powell Hotel in Dallas, Texas[40]
- Hill Top House Hotel in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia; African American owned hotel
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Kemp, Mark (August 26, 2020). "The Green Book Guide to North Carolina". Our State.
- ^ "A. G. Gaston Motel Restoration". Putting People First. Official Website for the City of Birmingham, Alabama. July 5, 2024.
- ^ "Dunbar Hotel Building Urban Impact Office, Historical Marker". HMDB.
- ^ "Ben Moore Hotel".
- ^ "Ben Moore Hotel and the Rooftop Garden Restaurant".
- ^ Tales of the American: The Story of the American Hotel in Downtown Los Angeles. Indie Rights Incorporated (earlier Nelson Medison). 2018. ISBN 9781350901155.
- ^ Thomas, Sean P. (28 March 2018). "The Arts District's American Hotel is the Subject of a New Documentary". Los Angeles Downtown News.
- ^ a b c d Nolte, Carl (March 2, 2019). "Green Book detoured Bay Area's black travelers around racism". The San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Saito, Leland T. "African Americans and Historic Preservation in San Diego: The Douglas and the Clermont/Coast Hotels" (PDF). The Journal of San Diego History.
- ^ Fulbright, Leslie (February 16, 2009). "Some S.F. African American history landmarks". SFGate.
- ^ "Sarasota Historic Preservation Board Denies Permit to Demolish Historic Hotel Built During Segregation". Sarasota Magazine. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ "Mary Elizabeth Hotel & Fiesta Club – Going Overtown". Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ "Historical Monument Trail : Visit". thetampariverwalk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ Favorite, Merab (February 12, 2017). "Sunday Favorites: Newtown and Overtown". The Bradenton Times.
- ^ "Three pioneers who changed the face of Sarasota and Manatee counties". Your Observer. June 29, 2023.
- ^ Tracy, Steven C. (November 2011). Writers of the Black Chicago Renaissance. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252093425.
- ^ Wetli, Patty (2019-02-20). "The Real 'Green Book' In Chicago: Vacant Lots Replace Black-Owned Businesses That Once Thrived In Bronzeville And Beyond". Block Club Chicago. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
- ^ "Gotham Hotel | Historic Detroit".
- ^ Jones, Booker (April 27, 2023). "Historic Mississippi Hotel That Served Blacks During Jim Crow Is Demolished".
- ^ "Queen City Hotel". The Mississippi Blues Trail.
- ^ "Ask Rufus: The Queen City Hotel". 30 September 2017.
- ^ Leaves of Healing. Zion Publishing House. 1904. p. 804 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b The Negro in Business. Hertel, Jenkins & Company. 1907.
- ^ "History – The Historic Magnolia House". www.thehistoricmagnoliahouse.org.
- ^ Osby, Jasmine (August 4, 2023). "One of America's Oldest Black-Owned Motels Reopens in North Carolina". Travel Noire.
- ^ "Rhone Hotel | NC AAHC". aahc.nc.gov.
- ^ Nakashima, Erena; House, Christina Hartlieb with research support from Hariett Beecher Stowe. "The Edgemont Inn - A tavern and boarding house listed in the "Negro Motorist Green Book"". Cincinnati Sites and Stories.
- ^ Morris, Shawn. "Majestic Hotel - "America's Finest Colored Hostelry"". Cleveland Historical.
- ^ Brenda Cain, cleveland com (February 25, 2022). "Green Book Cleveland rewriting city's Black history, finding lost sites". cleveland.
- ^ Team, Green Book Cleveland. "Majestic Hotel".
- ^ "Safe travels: Exhibit explores the fabled Green Book". The Blade.
- ^ "O. W. Gurley: The Visionary of Black Wall Street Tulsa". blackwallstreet.org.
- ^ "Ebony Guest House (U.S. National Park Service)". NPS.
- ^ "Pine Tree Hotel, Mosquito Beach, South Carolina". African American Heritage Preservation Foundation.
- ^ "Defining the Dumas Legacy". The Roanoke Star. 2017-07-11. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ Angst, Maggie (January 12, 2017). "Historic African-American sites in Milwaukee to get attention". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
- ^ "Hotels shut their doors to Black artists - Hennepin History Museum". 29 April 2022.
- ^ "Golden West Hotel". OregonEncyclopedia.org.
- ^ "Where We Live". Build Baton Rouge. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
- ^ Simek, Peter (2018-02-26). "Lost Dallas". D Magazine. Retrieved 2024-10-06.