List of American Association (1902–1997) no-hitters

From the foundation of the American Association (AA) in 1902 through its final season in 1997, its pitchers threw 97 no-hitters, which include 6 perfect games. Of these no-hitters, 72 were pitched in games that lasted at least the full 9 innings, while 25 were pitched in games shortened due to weather or that were played in doubleheaders, which were typically 7 innings. Only three of the league's six perfect games were tossed in full nine-inning games. Five no-hitters were combined—thrown by two or more pitchers on the same team.

A baseball card of a man in a light baseball uniform and cap
Charley Hall threw three no-hitters for the St. Paul Saints, more than any other pitcher in American Association history.

A no-hit game occurs when a pitcher (or pitchers) allows no hits during the entire course of a game. A batter may still reach base via a walk, an error, a fielder's choice, a hit by pitch, a passed ball or wild pitch on strike three, or catcher's interference.[1] Due to these methods of reaching base, it is possible for a team to score runs without getting any hits. While the vast majority of no-hitters are shutouts, teams which went hitless have managed to score runs in their respective games 11 times in AA games, some in extra innings.

The first American Association no-hitter was thrown on August 10, 1906, by Harry Swan of the Kansas City Blues against the Columbus Senators at Neil Park in Columbus, Ohio. The first perfect game was pitched on May 26, 1940, by Mickey Haefner of the Minneapolis Millers versus the Milwaukee Brewers at Nicollet Park in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in a game that was called after six innings due to a six o'clock Sunday amusement blue law. The first nine-inning perfect game occurred on June 26, 1947, when Kansas City's Carl DeRose accomplished the feat against Minneapolis at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri. The league disbanded after the 1962 season but reorganized in 1969. It continued to operate through the 1997 season.[2] The final AA no-hitter was thrown on June 20, 1997, by Bartolo Colón of the Buffalo Bisons over the New Orleans Zephyrs at North AmeriCare Park in Buffalo, New York.

Two league pitchers have thrown multiple no-hitters. Charley Hall pitched three no-hit games for the St. Paul Saints (formerly the Apostles), giving him the record for the most career AA no-hitters. The first was a 12-inning affair, which he lost, in 1909. He won the second two 9-inning games in 1918 and 1920. Chris Knapp threw his first no-hitter in 1979 for the Iowa Oaks and pitched the opening four innings of a combined no-hitter for Iowa in 1977.

The teams with the most no-hitters are the Toledo Mud Hens (10 no-hitters, 1 a perfect game) and Indianapolis Indians (10 no-hitters). They are followed by the Kansas City Blues (8 no-hitters, 1 a perfect game) and the Louisville Colonels and St. Paul Saints (8 no-hitters each). The team with the most perfect games is the Oklahoma City 89ers, with two.

No-hitters

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Key
Score
Game score with no-hitter team's runs listed first
Location
Stadium in italics denotes a no-hitter thrown in a home game.
Score (#)
A number following a score indicates number of innings in a game that was shorter or longer than 9 innings.
Pitcher (#)
A number following a pitcher's name indicates multiple no-hitters thrown.
IP
Innings pitched
Indicates a perfect game
 
Smoky Joe Wood, who pitched a no-hitter for the Kansas City Blues on May 21, 1908, threw a no-hit game for the Boston Red Sox in 1911.[3]
 
Rube Marquard, who threw a no-hitter for the Indianapolis Indians on September 3, 1908, pitched another for the Brooklyn Robins in 1915.[3]
 
Ernie Koob, who pitched a no-hit game for the Louisville Colonels on May 11, 1920, had tossed one for the St. Louis Browns in 1917.[3]
 
Paul Dean, who had a no-hit game for the Columbus Red Birds on August 30, 1932, pitched another for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1934.[3]
 
Bob Forsch, who pitched a no-hitter for the Tulsa Oilers on May 25, 1973, tossed two for the St. Louis Cardinals (1978 and 1983).[3]
 
Tom Browning, who had a no-hitter for the Wichita Aeros on July 31, 1984, pitched a perfect game for the Cincinnati Reds in 1988.[3]
 
Randy Johnson, who threw seven no-hit innings for the Indianapolis Indians on August 6, 1988, had a no-hitter for the Seattle Mariners in 1990 and a perfect game for the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2004.[3]
 
Jack Armstrong had a no-hit game for the Nashville Sounds over the Indianapolis Indians on August 7, 1988, one night after the Indians no-hit the Sounds.
 
Bartolo Colón threw the AA's final no-hitter for the Buffalo Bisons on June 20, 1997.
No-hitters
No. Date Pitcher(s) Team Score Opponent Location Ref.
1 August 10, 1906 Harry Swan Kansas City Blues 5–0 Columbus Senators Neil Park [4]
2 April 28, 1908 Jesse Stovall Louisville Colonels 2–0 Minneapolis Millers Eclipse Park [4]
3 May 9, 1908 Cliff Curtis Milwaukee Brewers 6–0 Indianapolis Indians Brewer Field [4]
4 May 14, 1908 Chick Brandom Kansas City Blues 5–0 Indianapolis Indians Unknown[a] [4]
5 May 21, 1908 Smoky Joe Wood Kansas City Blues 1–0 Milwaukee Brewers Unknown[a] [4]
6 August 16, 1908 Hi West Toledo Mud Hens 7–0 Milwaukee Brewers Brewer Field [4]
7 August 18, 1908 Jerry Upp Columbus Senators 3–0 Kansas City Blues Unknown[a] [4]
8 September 3, 1908 Rube Marquard Indianapolis Indians 7–0 Columbus Senators Neil Park [4]
9 June 18, 1909 Charley Hall (1) St. Paul Apostles 0–1 (12)[b] Louisville Colonels Lexington Park [5]
10 June 18, 1910 Karl Robinson Toledo Mud Hens 8–0 Kansas City Blues Unknown[a] [4]
11 July 27, 1910 Louis Leroy St. Paul Apostles 4–2[c] Indianapolis Indians Washington Park [6]
12 August 30, 1910 Bill Schardt Milwaukee Brewers 3–0 Indianapolis Indians Washington Park [4]
13 August 2, 1912 Bill Lelivelt Minneapolis Millers 4–0 Toledo Mud Hens Swayne Field [4]
14 August 20, 1912 Ed Hovlik Milwaukee Brewers 2–0 Louisville Colonels Brewer Field [4]
15 June 23, 1913 Hippo Vaughn Kansas City Blues 2–0 Toledo Mud Hens Swayne Field [4]
16 July 2, 1913 Dixie Davis Columbus Senators 4–0 Indianapolis Indians Washington Park [4]
17 July 13, 1913 Jim Baskette Toledo Mud Hens 0–1[d] Minneapolis Millers Nicollet Park [7]
18 July 15, 1913 King Cole Columbus Senators 3–1[e] Milwaukee Brewers Brewer Field [8]
19 May 19, 1915 Harry Harper Minneapolis Millers 4–0 St. Paul Saints Nicollet Park [4]
20 June 25, 1915 Dan Tipple Indianapolis Indians 6–0 Cleveland Spiders League Park [4]
21 July 2, 1915 Marty O'Toole Columbus Senators 1–0 Cleveland Spiders League Park [4]
22 September 2, 1916 Vic Aldridge Indianapolis Indians 3–0 Columbus Senators Washington Park [4]
23 June 23, 1918 Charley Hall (2) St. Paul Saints 2–0 Columbus Senators Lexington Park [4]
24 May 11, 1920 Ernie Koob Louisville Colonels 4–0 Kansas City Blues Unknown[a] [4]
25 July 24, 1920 Tom Long Louisville Colonels 12–0 Toledo Mud Hens Swayne Field [4]
26 August 26, 1920 Charley Hall (3) St. Paul Saints 6–0 Columbus Senators Lexington Park [4]
27 June 18, 1921 Bob Clark Columbus Senators 3–0 Indianapolis Indians Washington Park [4]
28 July 9, 1925 Jimmie Keenan Kansas City Blues 1–2 (10)[f] Indianapolis Indians Municipal Stadium [9]
29 August 21, 1926 Dinty Gearin Milwaukee Brewers 10–0 Columbus Senators Brewer Field [4]
30 May 18, 1932 Slim Harriss St. Paul Saints 9–0 Kansas City Blues Municipal Stadium [4]
31 August 30, 1932 Paul Dean Columbus Red Birds 3–0 Kansas City Blues Municipal Stadium [4]
32 May 22, 1933 Floyd Newkirk St. Paul Saints 5–0 Kansas City Blues Lexington Park [4]
33 September 7, 1935 Lou Polli Milwaukee Brewers 2–0 (10 St. Paul Saints Lexington Park [4]
34 June 18, 1938 Al Piechota Kansas City Blues 0–0 (6)[g] Louisville Colonels Municipal Stadium [10]
35 September 2, 1938 Yank Terry Louisville Colonels 3–0 (7) Columbus Red Birds Parkway Field [11]
36 May 26, 1940 Mickey Haefner Minneapolis Millers 4–0 (6)[h] Milwaukee Brewers Nicollet Park [12]
37 September 11, 1943 Jack Kramer Toledo Mud Hens 5–0 Louisville Colonels Parkway Field [4]
38 August 1, 1944 Walter Brown Toledo Mud Hens 1–0 (7) Milwaukee Brewers Borchert Field [4]
39 May 17, 1945 Ed Wright Indianapolis Indians 2–0 Kansas City Blues Municipal Stadium [4]
40 June 3, 1945 Peter Mazar Columbus Red Birds 4–0 Kansas City Blues Red Bird Stadium [4]
41 July 26, 1945 Don Thompson Louisville Colonels 8–0 Indianapolis Indians Parkway Field [4]
42 September 12, 1946[i] Tom Sunkel St. Paul Saints 3–0 Louisville Colonels Parkway Field [13]
43 June 26, 1947 Carl DeRose Kansas City Blues 5–0 Minneapolis Millers Municipal Stadium [4]
44 June 10, 1948 Monte Kennedy Minneapolis Millers 14–0 Louisville Colonels Nicollet Park [4]
45 August 1, 1948 Buck Ross Toledo Mud Hens 1–0 (7) Minneapolis Millers Swayne Field [4]
46 September 8, 1948 Pat McGlothin St. Paul Saints 7–0 (7) Milwaukee Brewers Lexington Park [4]
47 August 4, 1949 Walt Nothe Toledo Mud Hens 2–0 (8)[j] Minneapolis Millers Swayne Field [14]
48 September 6, 1949 Bill Connelly Toledo Mud Hens 5–0 Louisville Colonels Swayne Field [4]
49 June 27, 1950 Marlin Stuart Toledo Mud Hens 1–0 Indianapolis Indians Swayne Field [15]
50 July 27, 1950 Kirby Higbe Minneapolis Millers 3–1 (7)[k] Columbus Red Birds Red Bird Stadium [16]
51 July 29, 1950 Bob Alexander Louisville Colonels 5–0 Milwaukee Brewers Parkway Field [4]
52 August 10, 1950 Dixie Howell Minneapolis Millers 6–0 Columbus Red Birds Nicollet Park [4]
53 August 16, 1951 Bert Thiel Milwaukee Brewers 5–0 (7) Toledo Mud Hens Borchert Field [4]
54 September 7, 1952 Ernie Nevel Kansas City Blues 3–0 (7) Minneapolis Millers Municipal Stadium [4]
55 August 20, 1954 Ray Crone Toledo Mud Hens 3–0 (7) St. Paul Saints Lexington Park [4]
56 April 16, 1957 Stu Miller Minneapolis Millers 1–0 (6)[l] Indianapolis Indians Victory Field [17]
57 June 23, 1957 Ryne Duren Denver Bears 3–0 (7) Louisville Colonels Bears Stadium [4]
58 May 22, 1958 Carl Willey Wichita Braves 6–0 Louisville Colonels Lawrence Stadium [4]
59 August 4, 1958 Frank Barnes Omaha Cardinals 3–0 Louisville Colonels Fairgrounds Stadium [4]
60 June 16, 1959 Juan Pizarro Louisville Colonels 1–0 Charleston Senators Fairgrounds Stadium [4]
61 July 24, 1959 Gary Peters Indianapolis Indians 5–0 Minneapolis Millers Victory Field [4]
62 May 24, 1960 Ralph Lumenti Charleston Senators 2–0 (6)[m] Louisville Colonels Watt Powell Park [18]
63 May 30, 1960 Howie Koplitz Louisville Colonels 2–0 (7) Indianapolis Indians Fairgrounds Stadium [4]
64 May 8, 1969 Scipio Spinks Oklahoma City 89ers 1–2 (7)[n] Omaha Royals All Sports Stadium [19]
65 July 4, 1970 Milt Wilcox Indianapolis Indians 2–0 (7) Evansville Triplets Bush Stadium [4]
66 June 5, 1971 Fred Norman Tulsa Oilers 4–0 Indianapolis Indians Oiler Park [4]
67 August 19, 1971 Rich Hand Wichita Aeros 3–0 Tulsa Oilers Oiler Park [4]
68 August 3, 1972 Jim Slaton Evansville Triplets 5–0 Wichita Aeros Lawrence Stadium [4]
69 August 25, 1972 Tom Murphy Omaha Royals 7–0 Indianapolis Indians Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium [4]
70 September 2, 1972 Oscar Zamora Oklahoma City 89ers 5–0 (7) Denver Bears All Sports Stadium [4]
71 May 25, 1973 Bob Forsch Tulsa Oilers 5–0 Denver Bears Mile High Stadium [4]
72 May 24, 1974 Tom Carroll Indianapolis Indians 2–0 Omaha Royals Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium [4]
73 July 31, 1974 Joe Henderson Iowa Oaks 10–0 Wichita Aeros Lawrence Stadium [4]
74 August 25, 1974 Butch Stinson Iowa Oaks 7–0 Indianapolis Indians Bush Stadium [4]
75 June 2, 1976 Dave Hasbach Omaha Royals 4–0 (7) Tulsa Oilers Oiler Park [20]
76 June 13, 1976 Chris Knapp (1) Iowa Oaks 3–0 (7) Evansville Triplets Bosse Field [4]
77 July 15, 1976 Ed Glynn Evansville Triplets 3–0 (7) Iowa Oaks Sec Taylor Stadium [4]
78 September 1, 1977 Chris Knapp (4 IP) (2)
Fred Howard (5 IP)
Iowa Oaks 8–0 Omaha Royals Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium [21]
79 May 26, 1978 Jack Kucek Iowa Oaks 6–1[o] Oklahoma City 89ers Sec Taylor Stadium [22]
80 May 26, 1978 Silvio Martínez Springfield Redbirds 4–0 Omaha Royals Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium [23]
81 July 14, 1979 Jamie Easterly Denver Bears 10–0 (7) Iowa Oaks Sec Taylor Stadium [4]
82 August 29, 1979 Paul Moskau (3 IP)
Dave May (3 IP)
Sheldon Burnside (2 IP)
Ángel Torres (1 IP)
Indianapolis Indians 5–0 Evansville Triplets Bosse Field [24]
83 August 17, 1980 Robert Madden (1+23 IP)
Mark Lemongello (7+13 IP)
Wichita Aeros 5–2[p] Iowa Oaks Sec Taylor Stadium [25]
84 April 27, 1981 Mike Jones Omaha Royals 2–0 Iowa Oaks Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium [4]
85 August 19, 1981 Larry Pashnick Evansville Triplets 1–0 Iowa Oaks Bosse Field [4]
86 July 31, 1984 Tom Browning Wichita Aeros 2–0 (7) Iowa Cubs Sec Taylor Stadium [4]
87 August 21, 1984 Reggie Patterson Iowa Cubs 2–0 Omaha Royals Sec Taylor Stadium [4]
88 July 17, 1985 Bryan Kelly Nashville Sounds 6–0 Oklahoma City 89ers Herschel Greer Stadium [4]
89 August 27, 1985 Richard Stoll Indianapolis Indians 3–0 (7) Buffalo Bisons Bush Stadium [4]
90 June 20, 1988 Luis Aquino Omaha Royals 2–0 Columbus Clippers[q] Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium [26]
91 August 6, 1988 Randy Johnson (7 IP)
Pat Pacillo (1 IP)
Indianapolis Indians 0–1[r] Nashville Sounds Herschel Greer Stadium [27]
92 August 7, 1988 Jack Armstrong Nashville Sounds 4–0 Indianapolis Indians Herschel Greer Stadium [4]
93 July 13, 1990 Gene Walter Omaha Royals 3–0 (7) Iowa Cubs Sec Taylor Stadium [4]
94 April 17, 1991 Roger Pavlik (5+13 IP)
Steve Peters (2+23 IP)
Oklahoma City 89ers 0–1[s] Indianapolis Indians Bush Stadium [28]
95 August 12, 1994 Scott Taylor New Orleans Zephyrs 6–0 Buffalo Bisons Privateer Park [29]
96 August 13, 1996 Rick Helling Oklahoma City 89ers 4–0 Nashville Sounds All Sports Stadium [4]
97 June 20, 1997 Bartolo Colón Buffalo Bisons 4–0 New Orleans Zephyrs North AmeriCare Park [4]

No-hitters by team

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Team No-hitters Perfect games
Toledo Mud Hens 10 1
Indianapolis Indians 10 0
Kansas City Blues 8 1
Louisville Colonels 8 0
St. Paul Saints (St. Paul Apostles) 8 0
Minneapolis Millers 7 1
Charleston Senators 6 0
Iowa Cubs (Iowa Oaks) 6 0
Milwaukee Brewers 6 0
Omaha Royals 5 0
Oklahoma City 89ers 4 2
Evansville Triplets 3 0
Wichita Aeros 3 0
Denver Bears 2 1
Columbus Redbirds 2 0
Nashville Sounds 2 0
Tulsa Oilers 2 0
Buffalo Bisons 1 0
New Orleans Zephyrs 1 0
Omaha Cardinals 1 0
Springfield Redbirds 1 0
Wichita Braves 1 0
Totals 97 6

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e The game was played in Kansas City at either Association Park or Municipal Stadium.
  2. ^ Hall allowed no hits through nine innings before allowing a hit in the tenth. Louisville scored the winning run in the twelfth.
  3. ^ Indianapolis scored two runs in the second inning. Frank Delahanty reached first base on a fielding error and advanced to second when Dan Howley walked. They executed a double steal and came home on a fielding error while the bases were loaded following another player having walked.
  4. ^ Minneapolis scored a run after Frank Delahanty reached first base on a throwing error, stole second base, advanced to third on a fielder's choice, and came home on a sacrifice fly in the seventh inning.
  5. ^ Milwaukee scored a run after Larry Gilbert walked and came home following an error on a sacrifice and another sacrifice fly in the eighth inning.
  6. ^ Indianapolis scored a run after Elmer Yoter reached first base on a fielder's choice, advanced to second on an error, stole third, and came home on a sacrifice fly. Keenan allowed no hits through nine innings until allowing a single in the tenth.
  7. ^ The game was called due to rain in the top of the seventh inning, and the score reverted to that of the sixth.
  8. ^ The game was called after the sixth inning due to a six o'clock Sunday amusement blue law.
  9. ^ Game Three of the American Association championship first-round playoffs
  10. ^ Scheduled for seven innings as the first game of a doubleheader, the game went to extra innings.
  11. ^ Columbus scored a run after Solly Hemus walked, stole second base, advanced to third on a throwing error, and came home on a wild pitch in the first inning.
  12. ^ The game was called due to rain after six innings.
  13. ^ The game was called due to rain after six innings.
  14. ^ Omaha scored two runs in the second inning. Paul Schaal walked, advanced to second base on a wild pickoff throw, and moved up to third on a wild pitch. After Fred Rico and another player walked, loading the bases, Rico came home on a wild pitch, and Schall scored on a dropped third strike.
  15. ^ Oklahoma City scored a run after Cleo Smith walked and came home following the next three batters also walking in the first inning.
  16. ^ Iowa scored two runs in the second inning. Chris Nyman and Marv Foley walked back-to-back. Nyman came home on a throwing error. Following another player being hit by a pitch, Foley came home on a sacrifice fly.
  17. ^ This was an interleague game played against an International League opponent as part of the Triple-A Alliance.
  18. ^ Nashville scored a run after Lenny Harris walked, stole second base, stole third, and came home on a ground out in the first inning.
  19. ^ Indianapolis scored a run after John Vander Wal walked and came home after the next three batters also walked in the sixth inning.

References

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Specific

  1. ^ "MLB Miscellany: Rules, Regulations and Statistics". Major League Baseball. Retrieved April 28, 2022.
  2. ^ "American Association (AAA) Encyclopedia and History". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved May 10, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Eagle, Ed (September 11, 2021). "All-Time No-Hitters". Major League Baseball. Retrieved April 28, 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt McGill, Chuck. "Minor League No-Hitters". Baseball-Reference. Sports Reference. Retrieved May 6, 2022.
  5. ^ "Colonels Win Fine Ball Game". The Courier-Journal. Louisville. June 19, 1909. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ Copeland, H. C. (July 28, 1910). "Redskin Pitcher Twirls No-Hit Game Against Indianapolis". The Indianapolis Star. Indianapolis. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ McDermott, Joe (July 14, 1913). "Baskette Pitches No-Hit Game in Record Time but Loses to Champs". The Minneapolis Journal. Minneapolis. p. 13 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "'The Kink'". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Cincinnati. July 16, 1913. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "Keenan in 1-Hit Victory". The Kansas City Times. Kansas City. July 10, 1925. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "Blues Tie in Rain". The Kansas City Star. Kansas City. July 10, 1925. p. 1 B – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ Dudley, Bruce (July 10, 1925). "Terry Hurls No-Hit, No-Run Game Against Red Birds, Wins 3 to 0". The Courier-Journal. Louisville. p. 2-1 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ Barton, George A. (May 27, 1940). "Haefner Hurls Perfect Game". Star Tribune. Minneapolis. p. 13 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ Fitzgerald, Tommy (September 13, 1946). "Paris, Ill; Gets Out Its Plaster as Sunkel Wins With No-Hitter". The Courier-Journal. Louisville. p. 7 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "Southpaw Pitches First No-Hit Game of Campaign in AA". The Oshkosh Northwestern. Oshkosh. August 5, 1949. p. 11 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ Koelling, Lester (June 28, 1950). "Marlin Doesn't Give Indians a Nibble". The Indianapolis News. Indianapolis. p. 16 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ "Higbe Hurls No-Hitter; Millers win 3-1, 6-1". Star Tribune. Minneapolis. July 28, 1950. p. 18 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ Greenwald, Max (April 17, 1957). "Rain, Miller, No Hits Nip Tribe". The Indianapolis Star. Indianapolis. p. 25 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ "Sen's Lumenti Hurls Shortened No-Hit Game". The Raleigh Register. Beckley. May 27, 1960. p. 11 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^ "Spinks Loses No-Hit Gen; 89ers Drop 2". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City. May 9, 1969. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. ^ "Omaha's Hasback Throws No-Hitter". The Wichita Beacon. Wichita. June 3, 1976. p. 2C – via Newspapers.com.
  21. ^ "Iowa Oaks Have No-Hitter for Final Contest". Globe-Gazette. Mason City. September 2, 1977. p. 13 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^ Raffensperger, Gene (May 27, 1978). "Will No-Hitter Get Oaks Going?". Des Moines Tribune. Des Moines. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ "Silvio Martinez No-Hits Omaha". Des Moines Register. Des Moines. May 27, 1978. p. 25 – via Newspapers.com.
  24. ^ "Indianapolis Vs Evansville". The Indianapolis News. August 30, 1979. p. 32 – via Newspapers.com.
  25. ^ Raffensperger, Gene (August 18, 1980). "Oaks Toppled by No-Hitter". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines. p. 1S – via Newspapers.com.
  26. ^ "American Association Drought Ended by Omaha No-Hitter". Democrat and Chronicle. Rochester. June 21, 1988. p. 4D – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ^ Burris, Joe (August 7, 1988). "Sounds No-Hit, but Win in Strange Night at Greer". The Tennessean. Nashville. p. 1-C – via Newspapers.com.
  28. ^ "No-Hitter Not Enough". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City. April 18, 1980. p. 23 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. ^ "Zephyrs' Taylor No-Hits Buffalo". The Daily Advertiser. Layfayette. August 13, 1994. p. D5 – via Newspapers.com.

General