Category 1 is the lowest classification on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale and is used to classify tropical cyclones, that have 10-minute sustained winds of 33–47 knots (61–87 km/h; 38–54 mph). As of 2019[update] tropical cyclones have peaked as Category 1 tropical cyclones in the South Pacific tropical cyclone basin, which is denoted as the part of the Pacific Ocean to the south of the equator and to the east of 160°E. This list does include any tropical cyclones that went on to peak as a Category 4 or 5 severe tropical cyclone, while in the Southern Pacific tropical cyclone basin.
Background
editThe South Pacific tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between 160°E and 120°W.[1] The basin is officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service and the New Zealand MetService, while other meteorological services such as the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Météo-France as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of 64–85 knots (119–157 km/h; 74–98 mph) on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.[1][2] A named storm could also be classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone if it is estimated, to have 1-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of between 64–82 knots (119–152 km/h; 74–94 mph) on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.[1][3] This scale is only officially used in American Samoa, however, various agencies including NASA also use it to compare tropical cyclones.[1] A Category 3 tropical cyclone is expected to cause catastrophic devastation, if it significantly impacts land at or near its peak intensity.[2][3]
Systems
edit1970s
edit| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Isa | April 13 – 16, 1970 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Solomon Islands | [4] | ||
| Priscilla | December 15 – 19, 1970 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Fiji | Minor | Unknown | [5][6] |
| Fiona | February 24 – 27, 1971 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Queensland, New Caledonia | [7] | ||
| Vivienne | December 17 – 19, 1971 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | French Polynesia | None | None | [8] |
| Collette | November 2 – 3, 1972 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [9] | |||
| Felicity | January 14 – 18, 1973 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [9] | |||
| Glenda | January 31 – February 1, 1973 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Henrietta | February 28 – March 2, 1973 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| SP7301 | November 7 – 11, 1973 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Monica | January 15 – 20, 1974 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Nessie | January 17 – 22, 1974 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Hope | March 9 – 19, 1976 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [10] | |||
| Jan | April 16 – 22, 1976 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [11] | |||
| Unnamed | February 3 – 9, 1977 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [12] | |||
| Unnamed | February 20 – 24, 1977 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [13] | |||
| Tessa | December 5 – 11, 1977 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | French Polynesia | [14] | ||
1980s
edit| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Rae | February 3, 1980 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Vanuatu | [15] | ||
| Wally | April 2 – 7, 1980 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Fiji | $2.26 million | 18 | |
| Diola | |||||||
| Betsy | |||||||
| Unnamed | |||||||
| Diola | |||||||
| Claudia | May 13–18, 1982 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Solomon Islands | None | None | [16] |
| Kina | November 6 – 13, 1982 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | None | None | None | [17] |
| Prema | February 25 – 27, 1983 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | Minor | None | [18][19] |
| Atu | December 27–30 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | ||||
| Grace | January 18 – 20, 1984 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Unnamed | February 20 – 24, 1984 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Cyril | March 16 – 21, 1984 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Fiji | Minor | None | [20] |
| Unnamed | March 23 – 30, 1984 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Unnamed | December 26 – 28, 1984 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | None | ||
| Drena | January 9–16, 1985 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | ||||
| Keli | |||||||
| Lusi | |||||||
| Alfred | |||||||
| Veli | |||||||
| Blanch(e) | May 20–27, 1987 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Solomon Islands | None | None | [21] |
| Agi | January 4–14, 1988 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Vanuatu, New Caledonia | $500,000 | None | [22][23] |
| Gina | January 6–9, 1989 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Samoan Islands | $5 million | ||
| Meena | May 1–10, 1989 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Cape York Peninsula | Minor | None | [24] |
1990s
edit| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Nancy | |||||||
| Hettie | March 23 – 29, 1992 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | French Polynesia | Minimal | None | [25][26] |
| Mick | February 3–9, 1993 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Tonga, Fiji, New Zealand | Minimal | None | [27] |
| Oli | February 16–19, 1993 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | [28] | |||
| Gertie | December 24, 1995 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Yasi | January 12–19, 1996 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | Minor | None | [29] |
| Zaka | March 9–11, 1996 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | New Caledonia | Minor | None | |
| Atu | March 10–13, 1996 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | New Caledonia | Minor | None | |
| Cyril | November 23–26, 1996 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia | |||
| Ian | April 13–19, 1997 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Fiji | None | Minimal | [30] |
| Tui | January 25–27, 1998 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Samoan islands | $1 million | 1 | |
| Alan | April 17–26, 1998 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | French Polynesia | 10 | ||
| Bart | April 28 – May 5, 1998 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | French Polynesia | Minor | 10 | |
| Ella | February 11–13, 1999 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia | |||
| Gita | February 27 – March 2, 1999 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | None | None | None | |
2000s
edit| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Neil | April 13–17, 2000 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Fiji | None | None | |
| Rita | February 27 – March 5, 2001 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | ||||
| Trina | November 29 – December 3, 2001 |
65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | $52,000 | 0 | |
| Vicky | December 22–26 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | None | 0 | |
| Yolande | November 29 – December 6, 2002 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Tonga | None | None | |
| Cilla | January 27–29, 2003 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | Minimal | None | |
| Judy | December 21–27, 2004 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | ||||
| Lola | January 27 – February 2, 2005 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Rae | February 27–6, 2005 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Sheila | April 20–22, 2005 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | ||||
| Tam | January 6–14, 2006 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | ||||
| Hettie | January 24–31, 2009 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | ||||
| Innis | February 13 – 18, 2009 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Vanuatu, New Caledonia | Unknown | Unknown | [31] |
2010s
edit| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Nisha | January 27 – 31, 2010 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Samoan Islands, Southern Cook Islands | |||
| Sarah | February 17 – March 3, 2010 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Cook Islands | |||
| Haley | February 7 – 11 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Cook Islands | |||
| June | January 13 – 19, 2014 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand | |||
| Mike | March 12 – 20, 2014 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Cook Islands | |||
| Reuben | March 19 – 23, 2015 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Tuni | November 26 – 30, 2015 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Tuvalu, Samoan Islands, Niue, Tonga | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Yalo | February 24 – 26, 2016 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Bart | February 19 – 22, 2017 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Southern Cook Islands | Unknown | Unknown | |
2020s
edit| Name | Duration | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Fehi | January 26 – 30, 2018 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | New Caledonia, New Zealand | Unknown | Unknown | [32][citation needed] |
| Iris | March 20 – 24, 2018 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Solomon Islands | Unknown | Unknown | [33][citation needed] |
| Josie | March 29 – April 2, 2018 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga | Unknown | Unknown | [34][citation needed] |
| Liua | September 26 – 28, 2018 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Solomon Islands | Unknown | Unknown | [35][citation needed] |
| Neil | February 9 – 10, 2019 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Wallis and Futuna, Fiji, Tonga | Unknown | Unknown | [36][citation needed] |
| Vicky | February 19 – 24, 2020 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Samoan Islands, Niue | Unknown | Unknown | [37][citation needed] |
| Bina | January 29 – February 1, 2021 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji | Unknown | Unknown | [38][citation needed] |
| 13F | April 9 – 11, 2021 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.4 inHg) | New Caledonia | Unknown | Unknown | [39][citation needed] |
| Eva | February 26 – March 5, 2022 | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Vanuatu, New Caledonia | Unknown | Unknown | [citation needed] |
| Gina | May 16 – 21, 2022 | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Vanuatu | Minimal | Unknown | [citation needed] |
| Osai | February 6 – 12, 2024 | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Samoan Islands, Southern Cook Islands | None | None | [citation needed] |
Other systems
editTropical Cyclone Raquel (2014) and Tropical Cyclone Linda (2018) developed into Category 1 tropical cyclones, as they moved out of the basin and into the Australian Region.[40][41]
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (2024). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2024 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved October 14, 2024.
- ^ a b 2017/2018 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary of Alerts and Warnings Procedures for Fiji (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. October 23, 2017. pp. 3 & 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 13, 2018.
- ^ a b Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher; Hafele, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thrum, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (January 2, 2019). The Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
- ^ "1971 Tropical Cyclone Isa (1970104S10164)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ "1970 Tropical Cyclone Priscilla (1970351S17176)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
- ^ Krishna, Ram (January 4, 1981). Publication No. 2: Tropical Cyclones in Fiji: November 1969 – April 1980 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
- ^ "1971 Tropical Cyclone Fiona (1971048S16141)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- ^ "1971 Tropical Cyclone (Gale) Vivienne (1971350S14194)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ a b "1972 Tropical Cyclone Collette (1972307S11184)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 9, 2022.
- ^ "1976 Tropical Cyclone Hope (1976070S13166)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 19, 2022.
- ^ "1976 Tropical Cyclone Jan (1976106S12155)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 19, 2022.
- ^ "1977 Tropical Cyclone Unnamed (1977034S18176)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 19, 2022.
- ^ "1977 Tropical Cyclone Unnamed (1977051S19194)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 19, 2022.
- ^ "1977 Tropical Cyclone Tessa (1977339S11204)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- ^ "1980 Tropical Cyclone Rae (1980081S12170)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "1982 CLAUDIA (1982131S09157)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ Browne, M.L. (November 24, 1982). Tropical Cyclone Kina Preliminary Report (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
- ^ Browne, M.L. (March 30, 1983). Tropical Cyclone Prema Preliminary Report (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
- ^ "1983 Tropical Cyclone Prema (1983056S11193)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ Ready, S C (May 30, 1984). Preliminary Report: Tropical Cyclone Cyril (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
- ^ "1987 BLANCH:BLANCHE (1987140S08170)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "1988 Severe Tropical Cyclone Agi (1988003S12171)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ Report of the WMO Post-Tropical Cyclone "Pam" Expert Mission to Vanuatu (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. p. 22.
- ^ "1989 Meena (1989122S09162)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "1992 Tropical Cyclone Hettie (1992084S10212)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ Laurent, Victoire; Varney, Patrick (2014). Historique des Cyclones de Polynesie Francaise [History of Cyclones in French Polynesia] (in French). Meteo France. ISBN 978-2-9522946-1-4.
- ^ "1992 Tropical Cyclone Mick (1993034S14191)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ "1992 Tropical Cyclone Oli (1993045S13170)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ "1996 Tropical Cyclone Yasi (1996015S18182)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
- ^ Seru, Vive B (March 4, 1998). Tropical Cyclone Ian: April 17 - 19, 1997 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report 96/9). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "2009 Tropical Cyclone Innis (2009045S18174)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
- ^ 2018 Tropical Cyclone Fehi (2018027S11156) (Report). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
- ^ 2018 Tropical Cyclone Iris (2018079S09162) (Report). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
- ^ 2018 Tropical Cyclone Josie (2018089S18172) (Report). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
- ^ 2018 Tropical Cyclone Liua (2018270S11162) (Report). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ 2019 Tropical Cyclone Neil (2019040S17183) (Report). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ "2020 Tropical Cyclone Vicky (2020051S13186)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ "2020 Tropical Cyclone Bina (2021029S14162)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ "2021 Tropical Cyclone Unnamed 13F (2021099S15159)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ "2015 Raquel (2015180S04163)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved February 1, 2020.
- ^ Grant, David; Courtney, Joe (August 2022). Tropical Cyclone Linda (PDF) (Report). Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 Apr 2023.