This is a list of the European Space Agency's short and long duration expeditions to Mir and the International Space Station. The dates below each name indicate the period of stay aboard the station.
List
editNº | Crew | Launch | Landing | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aragatz
28 November 1988 – 21 December 1988 | ||||
1 | 26.11.1988
15:49:33 UTC |
21.12.1988
09:56:40 UTC |
[1][2] | |
24d 18h 07m 06s
| ||||
Austromir-91
4 October 1991 – 9 October 1991 | ||||
2 | 02.10.1991
05:59:38 UTC |
10.10.1991
04:12:28 UTC |
[3][4] | |
7d 22h 12m 40s
| ||||
Mir-92
19 March 1992 – 25 March 1992 | ||||
3 | 17.03.1992
10:54:30 UTC |
25.03.1992
08:51:02 UTC |
[5] | |
7d 21h 56m 32s
| ||||
Antares
29 July 1992 – 9 August 1992 | ||||
4 | 27.07.1992
06:08:42 UTC |
10.08.1992
01:05:02 UTC |
[6][7] | |
13d 18h 56m 20s
| ||||
Altair
3 July 1993 – 22 July 1993 | ||||
5 | 01.07.1993
14:32:57 UTC |
22.07.1993
06:41:50 UTC |
[8][9] | |
20d 16h 08m 52s
| ||||
Euromir 94
6 October 1994 – 4 November 1994 | ||||
6 | 03.10.1994
22:42:29 UTC |
04.11.1994
11:18:25 UTC |
[10][11] | |
31d 12h 35m 55s
| ||||
Euromir 95
5 September 1995 – 29 February 1996 | ||||
7 | 03.09.1995
09:00:23 UTC |
29.02.1996
10:42:08 UTC |
[11][12] | |
179d 01h 41m 46s
| ||||
Cassiopée
19 August 1996 – 2 September 1996 | ||||
8 | 17.08.1996
13:18:03 UTC |
02.09.1996
07:41:40 UTC |
[13][14] | |
15d 18h 23m 37s
| ||||
Mir 97
12 February 1997 – 2 March 1997 | ||||
9 | 10.02.1997
14:09:30 UTC |
02.03.1997
06:44:16 UTC |
[15] | |
19d 16h 34m 46s
| ||||
Pégase
31 January 1998 – 19 February 1998 | ||||
10 | 29.01.1998
16:33:41 UTC |
19.02.1998
09:09:30 UTC |
[16][17] | |
20d 16h 35m 48s
| ||||
Perseus
22 February 1999 – 27 August 1999 | ||||
11 | 20.02.1999
04:18:01 UTC |
28.08.1999
00:34:20 UTC |
[18][19] | |
188d 20h 16m 19s
| ||||
Andromède
23 October 2001 – 31 October 2001 | ||||
12 | 21.10.2001
08:59:34 UTC |
31.10.2001
04:59:25 UTC |
[20] [21] [22] | |
9d 19h 59m 50s
| ||||
Marco Polo
27 April 2002 – 05 May 2002 | ||||
13 | 25.04.2002
06:26:35 UTC |
05.05.2002
04:59:25 UTC |
[23] | |
9d 21h 25m 05s
| ||||
Odissea
1 November 2002 – 9 November 2002 | ||||
14 | 30.10.2002
03:11:10 UTC |
10.11.2002
00:04:20 UTC |
[25] | |
10d 20h 53m 09s
| ||||
Cervantes
20 October 2003 – 27 October 2003 | ||||
15 | 18.10.2003
05:38:03 UTC |
28.10.2003
02:40:20 UTC |
[27] | |
9d 21h 02m 17s
| ||||
Delta
21 April 2004 – 29 April 2004 | ||||
16 | 19.04.2004
03:19:00 UTC |
30.04.2004
00:11:15 UTC |
[30] | |
10d 20h 52m 15s
| ||||
Eneide
17 April 2005 – 24 April 2005 | ||||
17 | 15.04.2005
00:46:25 UTC |
26.04.2005
22:08:27 UTC |
[32] | |
9d 21h 22m 02s
| ||||
Astrolab
6 July 2006 – 19 December 2006 | ||||
18 | 04.07.2006
18:37:54 UTC (STS-121) |
22.12.2006
22:31:58 UTC (STS-116) |
[34] | |
171d 03h 54m 03s
| ||||
Celsius
11 December 2006 – 19 December 2006 | ||||
19 | 10.12.2006
01:47:35 UTC (STS-116) |
22.12.2006
22:31:58 UTC (STS-116) |
[36] | |
12d 20h 44m 23s
| ||||
Esperia
25 October 2007 – 5 November 2007 | ||||
20 | 23.10.2007
15:38:18 UTC (STS-120) |
07.11.2007
18:01:16 UTC (STS-120) |
[38] | |
15d 02h 22m 57s
| ||||
OasISS
29 May 2009 – 1 December 2009 | ||||
21 | 27.05.2009
18:34:53 UTC |
01.12.2009
07:16:30 UTC |
[40] | |
187d 20h 41m 38s
| ||||
Alissé
31 August 2009 – 8 September 2009 | ||||
22 | 29.08.2009
03:59:36 UTC (STS-128) |
12.09.2009
00:53:20 UTC (STS-128) |
[42] | |
13d 20h 53m 43s
| ||||
MagISStra
17 December 2010 – 23 May 2011 | ||||
23 | 15.12.2010
19:09:24 UTC |
24.05.2011
02:26:40 UTC |
[44] | |
159d 07h 17m 15s
| ||||
DAMA
18 May 2011 – 30 May 2011 | ||||
24 | 16.05.2011
12:56:27 UTC (STS-134) |
01.06.2011
06:34:50 UTC (STS-134) |
[47] | |
15d 17h 38m 22s
| ||||
PromISSe
23 December 2011 – 1 July 2012 | ||||
25 | 21.12.2011
13:16:14 UTC |
01.07.2012
08:14:41 UTC |
[49] | |
192d 18h 58m 28s
| ||||
Volare
29 May 2013 – 10 November 2013 | ||||
26 | 28.05.2013
20:31:24 UTC |
11.11.2013
02:49:00 UTC |
[51] | |
166d 06h 17m 36s
| ||||
Blue Dot
29 May 2014 – 10 November 2014 | ||||
27 | 28.05.2014
19:57:40 UTC |
10.11.2014
00:31:29 UTC |
[51][54] | |
165d 08h 01m 09s
| ||||
Futura
24 November 2014 – 11 June 2015 | ||||
28 | 23.11.2014
21:01:13 UTC |
11.06.2015
13:43:56 UTC |
[55][56] | |
199d 16h 42m 43s
| ||||
Iriss
4 September 2015 – 11 September 2015 | ||||
29 | 02.09.2015
04:37:43 UTC |
12.09.2015
00:51:30 UTC |
[57][58] | |
9d 20h 13m 47s
| ||||
Principia
15 December 2015 – 18 June 2016 | ||||
30 | 15.12.2015
11:03:09 UTC |
18.06.2016
09:15:06 UTC |
[57][58] | |
185d 22h 11m 57s
| ||||
Proxima
19 November 2016 – 2 June 2017 | ||||
31 | 17.11.2016
20:20:13 UTC |
02.06.2017
14:10:30 UTC |
[59][60] | |
196d 17h 50m 18s
| ||||
Vita
28 July 2017 – 14 December 2017 | ||||
32 | 28.07.2017
15:41:12 UTC |
14.12.2017
08:37:47 UTC |
[61][62] | |
138d 16h 56m 35s
| ||||
Horizons
8 June 2018 – 20 December 2018 | ||||
33 | 06.06.2018
11:12:39 UTC |
20.12.2018
05:02:48 UTC |
[63][64] | |
196d 17h 50m 09s
| ||||
Beyond
20 July 2019 – 6 February 2020 | ||||
34 | 20.07.2019
16:28:20 UTC |
06.02.2020
09:12:21 UTC |
[65] [66] [46] | |
200d 16h 44m 01s
| ||||
Alpha
24 April 2021 – 8 November 2021 | ||||
35 | 23.04.2021
09:49:02 UTC |
09.11.2021
03:33:15 UTC |
[67][68] | |
199d 17h 44m 13s
| ||||
Cosmic Kiss
11 November 2021 – 5 May 2022 | ||||
36 | 11.11.2021
02:03:30 UTC |
06.05.2022
04:43:23 UTC |
[69][70] | |
176d 02h 39m 53s
| ||||
Minerva
27 April 2022 – 14 October 2022 | ||||
37 | 27.04.2022
07:52:55 UTC |
14.10.2022
20:55:27 UTC |
[71][72] | |
170d 13h 02m 32s
| ||||
Huginn
26 August 2023 – 12 March 2024 | ||||
38 | 26.08.2023
07:27:27 UTC |
12.03.2024
09:47 UTC |
[73] | |
199d 02h 19m 33s
|
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-7". 2020-03-28. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Aragatz". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-13". 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Austromir". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-14". 2022-03-17. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-15". 2021-09-02. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Antares". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-17". 2021-09-03. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Altair". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-20". 2021-05-22. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ a b Andresen, R.D.; Domesle, R. (November 1996). "The Euromir Missions". ESA Bulletin. 88 (88): 6–12. PMID 11541441. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-22". 2020-08-12. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-24". 2021-09-06. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Cassiopee". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-25". 2020-08-12. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-27". 2021-05-22. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Pégase". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-29". 2021-09-04. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "ESA - Perseus". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-33". 2020-08-12. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ "The Andromède mission". Retrieved 2022-10-17.
- ^ a b c O'Sullivan 2020, p. 3.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-34". 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Roberto Vittori's mission to the ISS". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-1". 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Mission Odissea - F. De Winne - english". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-3". 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Cervantes Mission". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ a b c d e f g h O'Sullivan 2020, p. 4.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-4". 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Delta Mission". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-6". 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Eneide - Vittori mission". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: STS-121". 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Astrolab". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: STS-116". 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Celsius Mission - English version". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: STS-120". 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Esperia". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-15". 2021-05-11. Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "OasISS Mission". Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: STS-126". 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Alissé Mission". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-20". 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "MagISStra". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ a b c d O'Sullivan 2020, p. 5.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: STS-134". 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "DAMA". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-03M". 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "PromISSe". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ a b "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-09M". 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Volare". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ O'Sullivan 2020, pp. 5, 16.
- ^ "Introducing Blue Dot". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-15M". 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Futura". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ a b "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TMA-18M". 2021-05-02. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ a b "iriss". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz MS-03". 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "proxima". Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz MS-05". 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "VITA Mission". Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz MS-09". 2020-03-24. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Horizons". Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz MS-13". 2020-06-13. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Beyond". Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-2". 2021-11-10. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Alpha". Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3". 2022-05-24. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer officially assigned first flight". 2020-12-14. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-4". 2022-10-15. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Minerva" (PDF). 2020. p. 29. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ^ "Introducing Huginn". 2022-08-18. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
Bibliography
edit- O'Sullivan, John (2020). European Missions to the International Space Station (1 ed.). Springer International Publishing. p. 334. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30326-6. ISBN 9783030303266. S2CID 218934628.
- "ESA - European Astronauts in Space". ESA.
- "Expeditions". planet4598.