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List of Ericales of South Africa

The Ericales are a large, diverse and cosmopolitan order of dicotyledonous flowering plants, The order includes trees, bushes, lianas, and herbaceous plants. Together with ordinary autophytic plants, the Ericales include chlorophyll-deficient mycoheterotrophic plants (e.g., Sarcodes sanguinea) and carnivorous plants (e.g., genus Sarracenia). Many species have five petals, often grown together. Fusion of the petals as a trait was traditionally used to place the order in the subclass Sympetalae.[1] Mycorrhizal associations are quite common among the order representatives, and three kinds of mycorrhiza are found exclusively among Ericales (namely, ericoid, arbutoid and monotropoid mycorrhiza). In addition, some families among the order are notable for their exceptional ability to accumulate aluminum.[2] The entire order contains over 8,000 species, of which the Ericaceae account for 2,000-4,000 species (by various estimates).

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[3]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[4] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[5]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[6]

11 families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Actinidiaceae

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Family: Actinidiaceae,[6]

Actinidia

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Genus Actinidia:[6]

Balsaminaceae

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Family: Balsaminaceae,[6]

Impatiens

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Genus IMPATIENS:[6]

Ebenaceae

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Family: Ebenaceae,[6]

Diospyros

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Genus Diospyros:[6]

  • Diospyros acocksii (De Winter) De Winter, indigenous
  • Diospyros austro-africana De Winter, indigenous
    • Diospyros austro-africana De Winter var. austro-africana, endemic
    • Diospyros austro-africana De Winter var. microphylla (Burch.) De Winter, indigenous
    • Diospyros austro-africana De Winter var. rubriflora (De Winter) De Winter, indigenous
    • Diospyros austro-africana De Winter var. rugosa (E.Mey. ex A.DC.) De Winter, endemic
  • Diospyros dichrophylla (Gand.) De Winter, indigenous
  • Diospyros galpinii (Hiern) De Winter, indigenous
  • Diospyros glabra (L.) De Winter, endemic
  • Diospyros glandulifera De Winter, endemic
  • Diospyros inhacaensis F.White, indigenous
  • Diospyros loureiriana G.Don, indigenous
    • Diospyros loureiriana G.Don subsp. loureiriana, indigenous
  • Diospyros lycioides Desf. indigenous
    • Diospyros lycioides Desf. subsp. guerkei (Kuntze) De Winter, indigenous
    • Diospyros lycioides Desf. subsp. lycioides, indigenous
    • Diospyros lycioides Desf. subsp. nitens (Harv. ex Hiern) De Winter, endemic
    • Diospyros lycioides Desf. subsp. sericea (Bernh.) De Winter, indigenous
  • Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.DC. indigenous
  • Diospyros natalensis (Harv.) Brenan, indigenous
    • Diospyros natalensis (Harv.) Brenan subsp. natalensis, indigenous
    • Diospyros natalensis (Harv.) Brenan subsp. nummularia (Brenan) Jordaan, indigenous
    • Diospyros nummularia Brenan, accepted as Diospyros natalensis (Harv.) Brenan subsp. nummularia (Brenan) Jordaan, indigenous
  • Diospyros pallens (Thunb.) F.White, endemic
  • Diospyros ramulosa (E.Mey. ex A.DC.) De Winter, indigenous
  • Diospyros rotundifolia Hiern, indigenous
  • Diospyros scabrida (Harv. ex Hiern) De Winter, indigenous
    • Diospyros scabrida (Harv. ex Hiern) De Winter var. cordata (E.Mey. ex A.DC.) De Winter, endemic
    • Diospyros scabrida (Harv. ex Hiern) De Winter var. scabrida, endemic
  • Diospyros simii (Kuntze) De Winter, endemic
  • Diospyros usambarensis F.White, accepted as Diospyros loureiriana G.Don, indigenous
  • Diospyros villosa (L.) De Winter, indigenous
    • Diospyros villosa (L.) De Winter var. parvifolia (De Winter) De Winter, endemic
    • Diospyros villosa (L.) De Winter var. villosa, endemic
  • Diospyros whyteana (Hiern) F.White, indigenous

Euclea

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Genus Euclea:[6]

  • Euclea acutifolia E.Mey. ex A.DC. endemic
  • Euclea coriacea A.DC. indigenous
  • Euclea crispa (Thunb.) Gurke, indigenous
    • Euclea crispa (Thunb.) Gurke subsp. crispa, indigenous
    • Euclea crispa (Thunb.) Gurke subsp. ovata (Burch.) F.White, indigenous
  • Euclea daphnoides Hiern, indigenous
  • Euclea dewinteri Retief, endemic
  • Euclea divinorum Hiern, indigenous
  • Euclea lancea Thunb. endemic
  • Euclea linearis Zeyh. ex Hiern, indigenous
  • Euclea myrtina Burch. accepted as Euclea undulata Thunb.
  • Euclea natalensis A.DC. indigenous
    • Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. angustifolia F.White, indigenous
    • Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. capensis F.White, endemic
    • Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. magutensis F.White, endemic
    • Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. natalensis, indigenous
    • Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. obovata F.White, indigenous
    • Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. rotundifolia F.White, indigenous
  • Euclea polyandra (L.f.) E.Mey. ex Hiern, endemic
  • Euclea pseudebenus E.Mey. ex A.DC. indigenous
  • Euclea racemosa Murray, indigenous
    • Euclea racemosa Murray subsp. bernardii F.White, endemic
    • Euclea racemosa Murray subsp. macrophylla (E.Mey. ex A.DC.) F.White, endemic
    • Euclea racemosa Murray subsp. racemosa, endemic
    • Euclea racemosa Murray subsp. sinuata F.White, indigenous
    • Euclea racemosa Murray subsp. zuluensis F.White, indigenous
  • Euclea schimperi (A.DC.) Dandy, indigenous
    • Euclea schimperi (A.DC.) Dandy var. daphnoides (Hiern) De Winter, accepted as Euclea daphnoides Hiern, indigenous
  • Euclea sekhukhuniensis Retief, Siebert & A.E.van Wyk, indigenous
  • Euclea tomentosa E.Mey. ex A.DC. endemic
  • Euclea undulata Thunb. indigenous
    • Euclea undulata Thunb. var. myrtina (Burch.) Hiern, accepted as Euclea undulata Thunb. indigenous

Ericaceae

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Family: Ericaceae,[6]

Acrostemon

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Genus Acrostemon:[6]

Anomalanthus

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Genus Anomalanthus:[6]

Arachnocalyx

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Genus Arachnocalyx:[6]

Blaeria

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Genus Blaeria:[6]

Coccosperma

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Genus Coccosperma:[6]

Coilostigma

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Genus Coilostigma:[6]

Eremia

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Genus Eremia:[6]

Eremiella

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Genus Eremiella:[6]

Erica

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Genus Erica:[6]

Ericinella

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Genus Ericinella:[6]

Grisebachia

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Genus Grisebachia:[6]

Nagelocarpus

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Genus Nagelocarpus:[6]

Platycalyx

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Genus Platycalyx:[6]

Salaxis

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Genus Salaxis:[6]

Scyphogyne

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Genus Scyphogyne:[6]

Simocheilus

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Genus Simocheilus:[6]

Stokoeanthus

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Genus Stokoeanthus:[6]

Sympieza

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Genus Sympieza:[6]

Syndesmanthus

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Genus Syndesmanthus:[6]

Thamnus

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Genus Thamnus:[6]

Thoracosperma

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Genus Thoracosperma:[6]

Vaccinium

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Genus Vaccinium:[6]

Lecythidaceae

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Family: Lecythidaceae,[6]

Barringtonia

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Genus Barringtonia:[6]

Maesaceae

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Family: Maesaceae,[6]

Maesa

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Genus Maesa:[6]

Myrsinaceae

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Family: Myrsinaceae,[6]

Ardisia

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Genus Ardisia:[6]

Embelia

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Genus Embelia:[6]

Myrsine

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Genus Myrsine:[6]

Rapanea

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Genus Rapanea:[6]

Primulaceae

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Family: Primulaceae,[6]

Anagallis

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Genus Anagallis:[6]

Lysimachia

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Genus Lysimachia:[6]

Primula

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Genus Primula:[6]

Roridulaceae

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Family: Roridulaceae,[6]

Roridula

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Genus Roridula:[6]

Sapotaceae

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Family: Sapotaceae,[6]

Donella

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Genus Donella:[6]

Englerophytum

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Genus Englerophytum:[6]

Inhambanella

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Genus Inhambanella:[6]

Lecomtedoxa

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Genus Lecomtedoxa:[6]

Manilkara

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Genus Manilkara:[6]

Mimusops

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Genus Mimusops:[6]

Sideroxylon

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Genus Sideroxylon:[6]

Vitellariopsis

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Genus Vitellariopsis:[6]

Theophrastaceae

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Family: Theophrastaceae,[6]

Samolus

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Genus Samolus:[6]

References

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  1. ^ Robyns, W. (31 December 1972). "Outline of a New System of Orders and Families of Sympetalae". Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique. 42 (4): 363–372. doi:10.2307/3667661. JSTOR 3667661.
  2. ^ (Jansen et al., 2004).
  3. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  4. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  5. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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