List of Grand National first four placings

This article lists the first, second, third and fourth-placed runners in the Grand National, a National Hunt horse race held annually over a distance of 4 miles 3½ furlongs at Aintree Racecourse in England.

Shaded areas indicate the unofficial precursors of the Grand National (1836–38), the wartime substitutes at Gatwick Racecourse (1916–18), the cancelled period during World War II (1941–45) and the void race in 1993.

The list features two horses called Peter Simple and two called Royal Mail. It also includes two with slightly different spellings, Mathew (1847) and Matthew (1902). For the purposes of this article, the horses with identical names are distinguished by (1) and (2).

Grand National 1–2–3–4

edit
Year First Second Third Fourth Ran
1836[1] The Duke Polyanthus Cockahoop Percy 10
1837[2] The Duke The Disowned Dan O'Connell (only three finished) 4
1838[3] Sir William Scamp The Duke (others not recorded) 3+
1839[4] Lottery Seventy Four Paulina True Blue 17
1840[5] Jerry Arthur Valentine The Sea 13
1841[6] Charity Cigar Peter Simple (1) Revealer 11
1842[7] Gaylad Seventy Four Peter Simple (1) The Returned 15
1843[8] Vanguard Nimrod Dragsman Claude Duval 16
1844[9] Discount The Returned Tom Tug Caesar 15
1845[10] Cure-All Peter Simple (1) The Exquisite Tom Tug 15
1846[11] Pioneer Culverthorpe Switcher Firefly 22
1847[12] Mathew St Leger Jerry Pioneer 26
1848[13] Chandler The Curate British Yeoman Standard Guard 29
1849[14] Peter Simple (2) The Knight of Gwynne Prince George Alfred 24
1850[15] Abd-el-Kader The Knight of Gwynne Sir John Tipperary Boy 32
1851[16] Abd-el-Kader Maria Day Sir John Half-and-Half 21
1852[17] Miss Mowbray Maurice Daley Sir Peter Laurie Chieftain 24
1853[18] Peter Simple (2) Miss Mowbray Oscar Sir Peter Laurie 21
1854[19] Bourton Spring Crabbs Maley 20
1855[20] Wanderer Freetrader Maurice Daley Janus 20
1856[21] Freetrader Minerva Minos Hopeless Star 21
1857[22] Emigrant Weathercock Treachery Westminster 28
1858[23] Little Charley Weathercock Xanthus Morgan Rattler 16
1859[24] Half Caste Jean du Quesne Huntsman Midge 20
1860[25] Anatis Huntsman Xanthus Maria Agnes 19
1861[26] Jealousy The Dane Old Ben Roe Bridegroom 24
1862[27] Huntsman Bridegroom Romeo Xanthus 13
1863[28] Emblem Arbury Yaller Gal Fosco 16
1864[29] Emblematic Arbury Chester Thomastown 25
1865[30] Alcibiade Hall Court Emblematic Mistake 23
1866[31] Salamander Cortolvin Creole Lightheart 30
1867[32] Cortolvin Fan Shangarry Globule 23
1868[33] The Lamb Pearl Diver Alcibiade Captain Crosstree 21
1869[34] The Colonel Hall Court Gardener Alcibiade 22
1870[35] The Colonel The Doctor Primrose Surney 23
1871[36] The Lamb Despatch Scarrington Pearl Diver 25
1872[37] Casse Tete Scarrington Despatch The Lamb 25
1873[38] Disturbance Ryshworth Columbine Master Mowbray 28
1874[39] Reugny Chimney Sweep Merlin Defence 22
1875[40] Pathfinder Dainty La Veine Jackal 19
1876[41] Regal Congress Shifnal Chimney Sweep 19
1877[42] Austerlitz Congress The Liberator Chimney Sweep 16
1878[43] Shifnal Martha Pride of Kildare Jackal 12
1879[44] The Liberator Jackal Martha Wild Monarch 18
1880[45] Empress The Liberator Downpatrick Jupiter Tonans 14
1881[46] Woodbrook Regal Thornfield New Glasgow 13
1882[47] Seaman Cyrus Zoedone (only three finished) 12
1883 Zoedone Black Prince Mohican Downpatrick 10
1884[48] Voluptuary Frigate Roquefort Cyrus 15
1885[49] Roquefort Frigate Black Prince Redpath 19
1886[50] Old Joe Too Good Gamecock Magpie 23
1887[51] Gamecock Savoyard Johnny Longtail Chancellor 16
1888[52] Playfair Frigate Ballot Box Ringlet 20
1889[53] Frigate Why Not M.P. Bellona 20
1890[54] Ilex Pan M.P. Brunswick 16
1891[55] Come Away Cloister Ilex Roquefort 21
1892[56] Father O'Flynn Cloister Ilex Ardcarn 25
1893[57] Cloister Aesop Why Not Tit for Tat 15
1894[58] Why Not Lady Ellen II Wild Man from Borneo Trouville 14
1895[59] Wild Man from Borneo Cathal Van der Berg Manifesto 19
1896[60] The Soarer Father O'Flynn Biscuit Barcalwhey 28
1897[61] Manifesto Filbert Ford of Fyne Prince Albert 28
1898[62] Drogheda Cathal Gauntlet Filbert 25
1899[63] Manifesto Ford of Fyne Elliman Dead Level 19
1900[64] Ambush II Barsac Manifesto Breemount's Pride 16
1901[65] Grudon Drumcree Buffalo Bill Levanter 24
1902[66] Shannon Lass Matthew Manifesto Detail 21
1903[67] Drumcree Detail Manifesto Kirkland 23
1904[68] Moifaa Kirkland The Gunner Shaun Aboo 26
1905[69] Kirkland Napper Tandy Buckaway II Ranunculus 27
1906[70] Ascetic's Silver Red Lad Aunt May Crautacaun 23
1907[71] Eremon Tom West Patlander Ravenscliffe 23
1908[72] Rubio Mattie Macgregor The Lawyer III Flaxman 24
1909[73] Lutteur III Judas Caubeen Tom West 32
1910[74] Jenkinstown Jerry M Odor Carsey 25
1911[75] Glenside Rathnally Shady Girl Foolhardy 26
1912[76] Jerry M Bloodstone Axle Pin Carsey 24
1913[77] Covertcoat Irish Mail Carsey (only three finished) 22
1914[78] Sunloch Trianon III Lutteur III Rory O'Moore 20
1915[79] Ally Sloper Jacobus Father Confessor Alfred Noble 20
1916[80] Vermouth Irish Mail Schoolmoney Jacobus 21
1917[81] Ballymacad Chang Ally Sloper Vermouth 19
1918[82] Poethlyn Captain Dreyfus Ballymacad Berneray 17
1919[83] Poethlyn Ballyboggan Pollen Loch Allen 22
1920[84] Troytown The Turk II The Bore Sergeant Murphy 24
1921[85] Shaun Spadah The Bore All White Turkey Buzzard 35
1922[86] Music Hall Drifter Taffytus Sergeant Murphy 32
1923[87] Sergeant Murphy Shaun Spadah Conjuror II Punt Gun 28
1924[88] Master Robert Fly Mask Silvo Drifter 30
1925[89] Double Chance Old Tay Bridge Fly Mask Sprig 33
1926[90] Jack Horner Old Tay Bridge Bright's Boy Sprig 30
1927[91] Sprig Bovril III Bright's Boy Drinmond 37
1928[92] Tipperary Tim Billy Barton (only two finished) 42
1929[93] Gregalach Easter Hero Richmond II Melleray's Belle 66
1930[94] Shaun Goilin Melleray's Belle Sir Lindsay Glangesia 41
1931[95] Grakle Gregalach Annandale Rhyticere 43
1932[96] Forbra Egremont Shaun Goilin Near East 36
1933[97] Kellsboro' Jack Really True Slater Delaneige 34
1934[98] Golden Miller Delaneige Thomond II Forbra 30
1935[99] Reynoldstown Blue Prince Thomond II Lazy Boots 27
1936[100] Reynoldstown Ego Bachelor Prince Crown Prince 35
1937[101] Royal Mail (1) Cooleen Pucka Belle Ego 33
1938[102] Battleship Royal Danieli Workman Cooleen 36
1939[103] Workman MacMoffat Kilstar Cooleen 37
1940[104] Bogskar MacMoffat Gold Arrow Symaethis 30
1941–45 Cancelled due to World War II[105][106]
1946[107] Lovely Cottage Jack Finlay Prince Regent Housewarmer 34
1947[108] Caughoo Lough Conn Kami Prince Regent 57
1948[109] Sheila's Cottage First of the Dandies Cromwell Happy Home 43
1949[110] Russian Hero Roimond Royal Mount Cromwell 43
1950[111] Freebooter Wot No Sun Acthon Major Rowland Roy 49
1951[112] Nickel Coin Royal Tan Derrinstown (only three finished) 36
1952[113] Teal Legal Joy Wot No Sun Uncle Barney 47
1953[114] Early Mist Mont Tremblant Irish Lizard Overshadow 31
1954[115] Royal Tan Tudor Line Irish Lizard Churchtown 29
1955[116] Quare Times Tudor Line Carey's Cottage Gigolo 30
1956[117] E.S.B. Gentle Moya Royal Tan Eagle Lodge 29
1957[118] Sundew Wyndburgh Tiberetta Glorious Twelfth 35
1958[119] Mr. What Tiberetta Green Drill Wyndburgh 31
1959[120] Oxo Wyndburgh Mr. What Tiberetta 34
1960[121] Merryman II Badanloch Clear Profit Tea Fiend 26
1961[122] Nicolaus Silver Merryman II O'Malley Point Scottish Flight II 35
1962[123] Kilmore Wyndburgh Mr What Gay Navarree 32
1963[124] Ayala Carrickbeg Hawa's Song Team Spirit 47
1964[125] Team Spirit Purple Silk Peacetown Eternal 33
1965[126] Jay Trump Freddie Mr Jones Rainbow Battle 47
1966[127] Anglo Freddie Forest Prince The Fossa 47
1967[128] Foinavon Honey End Red Alligator Greek Scholar 44
1968[129] Red Alligator Moidore's Token Different Class Rutherfords 45
1969[130] Highland Wedding Steel Bridge Rondetto The Beeches 30
1970[131] Gay Trip Vulture Miss Hunter Dozo 28
1971[132] Specify Black Secret Astbury Bowgeeno 38
1972[133] Well To Do Gay Trip Black Secret
General Symons
(dead-heat for third) 42
1973[134] Red Rum Crisp L'Escargot Spanish Steps 38
1974[135] Red Rum L'Escargot Charles Dickens Spanish Steps 42
1975[136] L'Escargot Red Rum Spanish Steps Money Market 31
1976[137] Rag Trade Red Rum Eyecatcher Barona 32
1977[138] Red Rum Churchtown Boy Eyecatcher The Pilgarlic 42
1978[139] Lucius Sebastian V Drumroan Coolishall 37
1979[140] Rubstic Zongalero Rough and Tumble The Pilgarlic 34
1980[141] Ben Nevis Rough and Tumble The Pilgarlic Royal Stuart 30
1981[142] Aldaniti Spartan Missile Royal Mail (2) Three to One 39
1982[143] Grittar Hard Outlook Loving Words Delmoss 39
1983[144] Corbiere Greasepaint Yer Man Hallo Dandy 41
1984[145] Hallo Dandy Greasepaint Corbiere Lucky Vane 40
1985[146] Last Suspect Mr Snugfit Corbiere Greasepaint 40
1986[147] West Tip Young Driver Classified Mr Snugfit 40
1987[148] Maori Venture The Tsarevich Lean Ar Aghaidh West Tip 40
1988[149] Rhyme 'n' Reason Durham Edition Monanore West Tip 40
1989[150] Little Polveir West Tip The Thinker Lastofthebrownies 40
1990[151] Mr Frisk Durham Edition Rinus Brown Windsor 38
1991[152] Seagram Garrison Savannah Auntie Dot Over the Road 40
1992[153] Party Politics Romany King Laura's Beau Docklands Express 40
1993[154] Race void
1994[155] Miinnehoma Just So Moorcroft Boy Ebony Jane 36
1995[156] Royal Athlete Party Politics Over the Deel Dubacilla 35
1996[157] Rough Quest Encore un Peu Superior Finish Sir Peter Lely 27
1997[158] Lord Gyllene Suny Bay Camelot Knight Buckboard Bounce 36
1998[159] Earth Summit Suny Bay Samlee St Mellion Fairway 37
1999[160] Bobbyjo Blue Charm Call It a Day Addington Boy 32
2000[161] Papillon Mely Moss Niki Dee Brave Highlander 40
2001[162] Red Marauder Smarty Blowing Wind Papillon 40
2002[163] Bindaree What's Up Boys Blowing Wind Kingsmark 40
2003[164] Monty's Pass Supreme Glory Amberleigh House Gunner Welburn 40
2004[165] Amberleigh House Clan Royal Lord Atterbury Monty's Pass 39
2005[166] Hedgehunter Royal Auclair Simply Gifted It Takes Time 40
2006[167] Numbersixvalverde Hedgehunter Clan Royal Nil Desperandum 40
2007[168] Silver Birch McKelvey Slim Pickings Philson Run 40
2008[169] Comply or Die King Johns Castle Snowy Morning Slim Pickings 40
2009[170] Mon Mome Comply or Die My Will State of Play 40
2010[171] Don't Push It Black Apalachi State of Play Big Fella Thanks 40
2011[172] Ballabriggs Oscar Time Don't Push It State of Play 40
2012[173] Neptune Collonges Sunnyhillboy Seabass Cappa Bleu 40
2013[174] Auroras Encore Cappa Bleu Teaforthree Oscar Time 40
2014 Pineau de Re Balthazar King Double Seven Alvarado 40
2015 Many Clouds Saint Are Monbeg Dude Alvarado 39
2016 Rule the World The Last Samuri Vics Canvas Gilgamboa 39
2017 One For Arthur Cause of Causes Saint Are Blaklion 40
2018 Tiger Roll Pleasant Company Bless The Wings Anibale Fly 38
2019 Tiger Roll Magic of Light Rathvinden Walk in the Mill 40
2020 Cancelled due to coronavirus pandemic
2021 Minella Times Balko Des Flos Any Second Now Burrows Saint 40
2022 Noble Yeats Any Second Now Delta Work Santini 40
2023 Corach Rambler Vanillier Gaillard Du Mesnil Noble Yeats 39
2024 I Am Maximus Delta Work Minella Indo Galvin 32

References

edit
  1. ^ "1836: The Duke". archive.org.
  2. ^ "1837: The Duke". archive.org.
  3. ^ "1838: Sir William". archive.org.
  4. ^ "1839: Lottery". archive.org.
  5. ^ "1840: Jerry". archive.org.
  6. ^ "1841: Charity". archive.org.
  7. ^ "1842: Gaylad". archive.org.
  8. ^ "1843: Vanguard". archive.org.
  9. ^ "1844: Discount". archive.org.
  10. ^ "1845: Cure-All". archive.org.
  11. ^ "1846: Pioneer". archive.org.
  12. ^ "1847: Mathew". archive.org.
  13. ^ "1848: Chandler". archive.org.
  14. ^ "1849: Peter Simple". archive.org.
  15. ^ "1850: Abd-el-Kader". archive.org.
  16. ^ "1851: Abd-el-Kader". archive.org.
  17. ^ "1852: Miss Mowbray". archive.org.
  18. ^ "1853: Peter Simple". archive.org.
  19. ^ "1854: Bourton". archive.org.
  20. ^ "1855: Wanderer". archive.org.
  21. ^ "1856: Freetrader". archive.org.
  22. ^ "1857: Emigrant". archive.org.
  23. ^ "1858: Little Charley". archive.org.
  24. ^ "1859: Half Caste". archive.org.
  25. ^ "1860: Anatis". archive.org.
  26. ^ "1861: Jealousy". archive.org.
  27. ^ "1862: Huntsman". archive.org.
  28. ^ "1863: Emblem". archive.org.
  29. ^ "1864: Emblematic". archive.org.
  30. ^ "1865: Alcibiade". archive.org.
  31. ^ "1866: Salamander". archive.org.
  32. ^ "1867: Cortolvin". archive.org.
  33. ^ "1868: The Lamb". archive.org.
  34. ^ "1869: The Colonel". archive.org.
  35. ^ "1870: The Colonel". archive.org.
  36. ^ "1871: The Lamb". archive.org.
  37. ^ "1872: Casse Tete". archive.org.
  38. ^ "1873: Disturbance". archive.org.
  39. ^ "1874: Reugny". archive.org.
  40. ^ "1875: Pathfinder". archive.org.
  41. ^ "1876: Regal". archive.org.
  42. ^ "1877: Austerlitz". archive.org.
  43. ^ "1878: Shifnal". archive.org.
  44. ^ "1879: The Liberator". archive.org.
  45. ^ "1880: Empress". archive.org.
  46. ^ "1881: Woodbrook". archive.org.
  47. ^ "1882: Seaman". archive.org.
  48. ^ "1884: Voluptuary". archive.org.
  49. ^ "1885: Roquefort". archive.org.
  50. ^ "1886: Old Joe". archive.org.
  51. ^ "1887: Gamecock". archive.org.
  52. ^ "1888: Playfair". archive.org.
  53. ^ "1889: Frigate". archive.org.
  54. ^ "1890: Ilex". archive.org.
  55. ^ "1891: Come Away". archive.org.
  56. ^ "1892: Father O'Flynn". archive.org.
  57. ^ "1893: Cloister". archive.org.
  58. ^ "1894: Why Not". archive.org.
  59. ^ "1895: Wild Man from Borneo". archive.org.
  60. ^ "1896: The Soarer". archive.org.
  61. ^ "1897: Manifesto". archive.org.
  62. ^ "1898: Drogheda". archive.org.
  63. ^ "1899: Manifesto". archive.org.
  64. ^ "1900: Ambush II". archive.org.
  65. ^ "1901: Grudon". archive.org.
  66. ^ "1902: Shannon Lass". archive.org.
  67. ^ "1903: Drumcree". archive.org.
  68. ^ "1904: Moifaa". archive.org.
  69. ^ "1905: Kirkland". archive.org.
  70. ^ "1906: Ascetic's Silver". archive.org.
  71. ^ "1907: Eremon". archive.org.
  72. ^ "1908: Rubio". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  73. ^ "1909: Lutteur III". greyhoundderby.com.
  74. ^ "1910: Jenkinstown". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  75. ^ "1911: Glenside". greyhoundderby.com.
  76. ^ "1912: Jerry M". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  77. ^ "1913: Covertcoat". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  78. ^ "1914: Sunloch". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  79. ^ "1915: Ally Sloper". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  80. ^ "1916: Vermouth". greyhoundderby.com.
  81. ^ "1917: Ballymacad". greyhoundderby.com.
  82. ^ "1918: Poethlyn". greyhoundderby.com.
  83. ^ "1919: Poethlyn". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  84. ^ "1920: Troytown" (PDF). nytimes.com. 27 March 1920.
  85. ^ "1921: Shaun Spadah". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  86. ^ "1922: Music Hall" (PDF). nytimes.com. 18 April 1922.
  87. ^ "1923: Sergeant Murphy". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  88. ^ "1924: Master Robert". Kentuckiana Digital Library.
  89. ^ "1925: Double Chance". greyhoundderby.com.
  90. ^ "1926: Jack Horner". greyhoundderby.com.
  91. ^ "1927: Sprig". greyhoundderby.com.
  92. ^ "1928: Tipperary Tim". greyhoundderby.com.
  93. ^ "1929: Gregalach". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  94. ^ "1930: Shaun Goilin". google.com/newspapers.
  95. ^ "1931: Grakle". google.com/newspapers.
  96. ^ "1932: Forbra". google.com/newspapers.
  97. ^ "1933: Kellsboro' Jack". google.com/newspapers.
  98. ^ "1934: Golden Miller". google.com/newspapers.
  99. ^ "1935: Reynoldstown". google.com/newspapers.
  100. ^ "1936: Reynoldstown". google.com/newspapers.
  101. ^ "1937: Royal Mail". google.com/newspapers.
  102. ^ "1938: Battleship". google.com/newspapers.
  103. ^ "1939: Workman". google.com/newspapers.
  104. ^ "1940: Bogskar". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  105. ^ "1941: race cancelled". google.com/newspapers.
  106. ^ "1945: race to return". google.com/newspapers.
  107. ^ "1946: Lovely Cottage". google.com/newspapers.
  108. ^ "1947: Caughoo". google.com/newspapers.
  109. ^ "1948: Sheila's Cottage". google.com/newspapers.
  110. ^ "1949: Russian Hero". google.com/newspapers.
  111. ^ "1950: Freebooter". google.com/newspapers.
  112. ^ "1951: Nickel Coin". google.com/newspapers.
  113. ^ "1952: Teal". google.com/newspapers.
  114. ^ "1953: Early Mist". google.com/newspapers.
  115. ^ "1954: Royal Tan". google.com/newspapers.
  116. ^ "1955: Quare Times". google.com/newspapers.
  117. ^ "1956: e.s.b." google.com/newspapers.
  118. ^ "1957: Sundew". google.com/newspapers.
  119. ^ "1958: Mr What". google.com/newspapers.
  120. ^ "1959: Oxo". google.com/newspapers.
  121. ^ "1960: Merryman II". google.com/newspapers.
  122. ^ "1961: Nicolaus Silver". google.com/newspapers.
  123. ^ "1962: Kilmore". google.com/newspapers.
  124. ^ "1963: Ayala". google.com/newspapers.
  125. ^ "1964: Team Spirit". google.com/newspapers.
  126. ^ "1965: Jay Trump". google.com/newspapers.
  127. ^ "1966: Anglo". google.com/newspapers.
  128. ^ "1967: Foinavon". google.com/newspapers.
  129. ^ "1968: Red Alligator". google.com/newspapers.
  130. ^ "1969: Highland Wedding". google.com/newspapers.
  131. ^ "1970: Gay Trip". google.com/newspapers.
  132. ^ "1971: Specify". google.com/newspapers.
  133. ^ "1972: Well to Do". google.com/newspapers.
  134. ^ "1973: Red Rum". google.com/newspapers.
  135. ^ "1974: Red Rum". google.com/newspapers.
  136. ^ "1975: L'Escargot". google.com/newspapers.
  137. ^ "1976: Rag Trade". google.com/newspapers.
  138. ^ "1977: Red Rum". google.com/newspapers.
  139. ^ "1978: Lucius". google.com/newspapers.
  140. ^ "1979: Rubstic". google.com/newspapers.
  141. ^ "1980: Ben Nevis". google.com/newspapers.
  142. ^ "1981: Aldaniti". google.com/newspapers.
  143. ^ "1982: Grittar". google.com/newspapers.
  144. ^ "1983: Corbiere". google.com/newspapers.
  145. ^ "1984: Hallo Dandy". google.com/newspapers.
  146. ^ "1985: Last Suspect". google.com/newspapers.
  147. ^ "1986: West Tip". google.com/newspapers.
  148. ^ "1987: Maori Venture". google.com/newspapers.
  149. ^ "1988: Rhyme 'n' Reason". Racing Post.
  150. ^ "1989: Little Polveir". Racing Post.
  151. ^ "1990: Mr Frisk". Racing Post.
  152. ^ "1991: Seagram". Racing Post.
  153. ^ "1992: Party Politics". Racing Post.
  154. ^ "1993: race void". Racing Post.
  155. ^ "1994: Miinnehoma". Racing Post.
  156. ^ "1995: Royal Athlete". Racing Post.
  157. ^ "1996: Rough Quest". Racing Post.
  158. ^ "1997: Lord Gyllene". Racing Post.
  159. ^ "1998: Earth Summit". Racing Post.
  160. ^ "1999: Bobbyjo". Racing Post.
  161. ^ "2000: Papillon". Racing Post.
  162. ^ "2001: Red Marauder". Racing Post.
  163. ^ "2002: Bindaree". Racing Post.
  164. ^ "2003: Monty's Pass". Racing Post.
  165. ^ "2004: Amberleigh House". Racing Post.
  166. ^ "2005: Hedgehunter". Racing Post.
  167. ^ "2006: Numbersixvalverde". Racing Post.
  168. ^ "2007: Silver Birch". Racing Post.
  169. ^ "2008: Comply or Die". Racing Post.
  170. ^ "2009: Mon Mome". Racing Post.
  171. ^ "2010: Don't Push It". Racing Post.
  172. ^ "2011: Ballabriggs". Racing Post.
  173. ^ "2012: Neptune Collonges". Racing Post.
  174. ^ "2013: Auroras Encore". Racing Post.
A year-by-year list of references for the Grand National, taken from the following sources:
1836–1838 "A History of Steeple-Chasing".
(for details, see Bibliography)
1839–1907 "Heroes and Heroines of the Grand National".
(for details, see Bibliography)
1908–1987 Online newspaper archives and articles.
1988–present Online results from the Racing Post.

Bibliography

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